Lavoro Alessandro, Falzone Luca, Tomasello Barbara, Conti Giuseppe Nicolò, Libra Massimo, Candido Saverio
Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy.
Front Pharmacol. 2023 Jun 15;14:1191262. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1191262. eCollection 2023.
The oncogenic transformation is driven by genetic and epigenetic alterations influencing cancer cell fate. These alterations also result in metabolic reprogramming by modulating the expression of membrane Solute Carrier (SLC) transporters involved in biomolecules trafficking. SLCs act as tumor suppressors or promoters influencing cancer methylome, tumor growth, immune-escape, and chemoresistance. This study aimed to identify the deregulated SLCs in various tumor types compared to normal tissues by analyzing the TCGA Target GTEx dataset. Furthermore, the relationship between SLCs expression and the most relevant tumor features was tackled along with their genetic regulation mediated by DNA methylation. We identified 62 differentially expressed SLCs, including the downregulated and , as well as the upregulated and . Notably, and expression was associated with favorable and unfavorable outcome, respectively. Moreover, and were linked to tumor immune responsiveness. Interestingly, and positively correlated with anti-MEK and anti-RAF sensitivity. The expression of relevant SLCs was correlated with hypo- and hyper-methylation of promoter and body region, showing an established DNA methylation pattern. Noteworthy, the positive association of cg06690548 () methylation with cancer outcome suggests the independent predictive role of DNA methylation at a single nucleotide resolution. Although our overview revealed a wide heterogeneity depending on different SLCs functions and tumor types, we identified key SLCs and pointed out the role of DNA methylation as regulatory mechanism of their expression. Overall, these findings deserve further studies to identify novel cancer biomarkers and promising therapeutic targets.
致癌转化由影响癌细胞命运的基因和表观遗传改变驱动。这些改变还通过调节参与生物分子运输的膜溶质载体(SLC)转运蛋白的表达导致代谢重编程。SLC作为肿瘤抑制因子或促进因子,影响癌症甲基化组、肿瘤生长、免疫逃逸和化疗耐药性。本研究旨在通过分析TCGA Target GTEx数据集,确定与正常组织相比,各种肿瘤类型中失调的SLC。此外,还探讨了SLC表达与最相关肿瘤特征之间的关系,以及由DNA甲基化介导的基因调控。我们鉴定出62个差异表达的SLC,包括下调的 和 ,以及上调的 和 。值得注意的是, 和 的表达分别与良好和不良预后相关。此外, 和 与肿瘤免疫反应性有关。有趣的是, 和 与抗MEK和抗RAF敏感性呈正相关。相关SLC的表达与启动子和基因体区域的低甲基化和高甲基化相关,显示出一种既定的DNA甲基化模式。值得注意的是,cg06690548( )甲基化与癌症预后的正相关表明DNA甲基化在单核苷酸分辨率下具有独立的预测作用。尽管我们的概述显示,根据不同的SLC功能和肿瘤类型存在广泛的异质性,但我们鉴定出了关键的SLC,并指出了DNA甲基化作为其表达调控机制的作用。总体而言,这些发现值得进一步研究,以确定新的癌症生物标志物和有前景的治疗靶点。