Center of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Cochabamba, 00591, Bolivia.
Department of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Albanova University Centre, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Roslagstullcbacken 21, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2023 Jul 21;99(8). doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiad073.
Lake Pastos Grandes in Bolivia is mainly composed of salt flats, which are sporadically and only partially submerged during the wet season. In the present study, the chemical composition of water samples of the lake and some influent rivers was determined. We found that it is likely that the lake was influenced by the dilution of metals from ancient evaporites. We performed the first metagenomic studies of this lake. Analyses of shotgun metagenomics revealed that the relative abundances of Burkholderiales and Pseudomonadales were noteworthy in the water samples, whereas the archaea belonging to the Halobacteriales and Cyanobacteria from subsection III had high abundances in the salt flat. The eukaryotes Crustacea and Diatomea exhibited the highest abundances in the water samples. We investigated further the potential effect of human activities on the nitrogen cycle mobilization in the lake and the propagation of antimicrobial resistance genes. This is the first report about the cycle in the lake. Additionally, rifamycin resistance genes and genes related to efflux pumps, which are not considered a hazard when identified in metagenomes, had the uppermost relative abundances in all sampling points. We found that Lake Pastos Grandes hitherto does not show an appreciable influence by anthropogenic actions.
玻利维亚的帕斯托斯格兰德斯湖主要由盐滩组成，这些盐滩在雨季偶尔且仅局部被淹没。在本研究中，测定了湖水和一些流入河流的水样的化学成分。我们发现，湖水可能受到古代蒸发岩中金属稀释的影响。我们对该湖进行了首次宏基因组研究。对鸟枪法宏基因组分析表明，在水样中伯克霍尔德氏菌目和假单胞菌目相对丰度较高，而盐滩中属于 subsection III 的盐杆菌目和蓝藻门的古菌丰度较高。甲壳类动物和硅藻在水样中表现出最高的丰度。我们进一步研究了人类活动对湖泊氮循环迁移和抗生素耐药基因传播的潜在影响。这是关于该湖的首次报道。此外，在所有采样点， rifamycin 耐药基因和与外排泵相关的基因的相对丰度最高，而这些基因在宏基因组中被认为没有危害。我们发现，迄今为止，帕斯托斯格兰德斯湖并未受到人为活动的明显影响。
