Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2023 Sep 21;87(10):1093-1101. doi: 10.1093/bbb/zbad090.
Gibberellins (GAs) are plant hormones with a tetracyclic diterpenoid structure that are involved in various important developmental processes. Two GA-deficient mutants were isolated: a semidwarf mutant "sd1", which was found to have a defective GA20ox2 gene and was introduced to the world in a green revolution cultivar, and a severe dwarf allele of "d18", with a defective GA3ox2 gene. Based on the phenotypic similarity of d18, rice dwarf mutants were screened, further classifying them into GA-sensitive and GA-insensitive by applying exogenous GA3. Finally, GA-deficient rice mutants at 6 different loci and 3 GA signaling mutants (gid1, gid2, and slr1) were isolated. The GID1 gene encodes a GA nuclear receptor, and the GID1-DELLA (SLR1) system for GA perception is widely used in vascular plants. The structural characteristics of GID1 and GA metabolic enzymes have also been reviewed.
赤霉素（GAs）是具有四环二萜结构的植物激素，参与各种重要的发育过程。分离得到两个赤霉素缺陷突变体：半矮化突变体“sd1”，其 GA20ox2 基因发生缺陷，被引入绿色革命品种；另一个是严重矮化等位基因“d18”，其 GA3ox2 基因发生缺陷。基于 d18 的表型相似性，筛选到水稻矮化突变体，通过施加外源 GA3 将其进一步分为 GA 敏感和 GA 不敏感两类。最终，分离到 6 个不同位点的赤霉素缺陷水稻突变体和 3 个赤霉素信号突变体（gid1、gid2 和 slr1）。GID1 基因编码赤霉素核受体，GID1-DELLA（SLR1）系统被广泛应用于维管束植物的赤霉素感知。还对 GID1 和 GA 代谢酶的结构特征进行了综述。
