Isosorbide dinitrate: relationship between pharmacokinetics and brachial artery hemodynamics in essential hypertension.

Pharmacokinetics of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) and brachial arterial hemodynamics have been studied in 15 patients with sustained essential hypertension. The hemodynamic study was performed by using a pulsed Doppler device enabling evaluation of the diameter of the brachial artery with an error of less than 10%. After intravenous administration until plateau concentrations were reached, the ISDN infusion was stopped in order to study the disappearance curve of the drug and the pharmacokinetic parameters. ISDN caused a significant decrease in systolic pressure, a significant increase in arterial diameter, and no change in heart rate. Brachial hemodynamics were not correlated with the plasma concentration in the steady state or the area under the disappearance curve. In contrast, the changes in arterial diameter during perfusion were significantly correlated with the apparent distribution volume, a finding that might indirectly reflect the affinity of ISDN for vascular tissues.