Center for Legal Systems Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Criminal Justice, Rutgers University, Camden, New Jersey.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023 Jul 3;6(7):e2321805. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.21805.
Youths incarcerated in adult correctional facilities are exposed to a variety of adverse circumstances that could diminish psychological and physical health, potentially leading to early mortality.
To evaluate whether being incarcerated in an adult correctional facility as a youth was associated with mortality between 18 and 39 years of age.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study relied on longitudinal data collected from 1997 to 2019 as part of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-1997, a nationally representative sample of 8984 individuals born in the United States between January 1, 1980, and December 1, 1984. The data analyzed for the current study were derived from annual interviews between 1997 and 2011 and interviews every other year from 2013 to 2019 (19 interviews in total). Participants were limited to respondents aged 17 years or younger during the 1997 interview and alive during their 18th birthday (8951 individuals; >99% of the original sample). Statistical analysis was performed from November 2022 to May 2023.
Incarceration in an adult correctional facility before the age of 18 years compared with being arrested before the age of 18 years or never arrested or incarcerated before the age of 18 years.
The main outcome for the study was age at mortality between 18 and 39 years of age.
The sample of 8951 individuals included 4582 male participants (51%), 61 American Indian or Alaska Native participants (1%), 157 Asian participants (2%), 2438 Black participants (27%), 1895 Hispanic participants (21%), 1065 participants of other race (12%), and 5233 White participants (59%). A total of 225 participants (3%) died during the study period, with a mean (SD) age at death of 27.7 (5.9) years. Incarceration in an adult correctional facility before the age of 18 years was associated with an increased risk of earlier mortality between 18 and 39 years of age compared with individuals who were never arrested or incarcerated before the age of 18 years (time ratio, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.47-0.95). Being arrested before the age of 18 years was associated with an increased risk of earlier mortality between 18 and 39 years of age when compared with individuals who were never arrested or incarcerated before the age of 18 years (time ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.73-0.93).
In this cohort study of 8951 youths, the survival model suggested that being incarcerated in an adult correctional facility may be associated with an increased risk of early mortality between 18 and 39 years of age.
青少年在成人矫正机构中会面临各种不良环境，这些环境可能会损害他们的身心健康，导致早逝。
评估青少年在成人矫正机构中被监禁是否与 18 至 39 岁之间的死亡率有关。
设计、地点和参与者：这项队列研究依赖于 1997 年至 2019 年期间收集的纵向数据，作为 1997 年全国青年纵向调查的一部分，这是一项具有全国代表性的样本，包括 1980 年 1 月 1 日至 1984 年 12 月 1 日期间出生的 8984 个人。目前研究分析的数据来自 1997 年至 2011 年的年度访谈以及 2013 年至 2019 年的每两年一次的访谈（总共 19 次访谈）。参与者仅限于在 1997 年访谈时年龄在 17 岁或以下且在 18 岁生日时仍在世的受访者（8951 人；占原始样本的>99%）。统计分析于 2022 年 11 月至 2023 年 5 月进行。
18 岁之前在成人矫正机构中监禁与 18 岁之前被捕或从未被捕或监禁相比。
该研究的主要结果是 18 至 39 岁之间的死亡年龄。
该 8951 人样本包括 4582 名男性参与者（51%）、61 名美国印第安人或阿拉斯加原住民参与者（1%）、157 名亚洲参与者（2%）、2438 名黑人参与者（27%）、1895 名西班牙裔参与者（21%）、1065 名其他种族参与者（12%）和 5233 名白人参与者（59%）。在研究期间，共有 225 名参与者（3%）死亡，死亡时的平均（SD）年龄为 27.7（5.9）岁。与从未在 18 岁之前被捕或监禁的人相比，18 岁之前在成人矫正机构中被监禁与 18 至 39 岁之间更早死亡的风险增加有关（时间比值，0.67；95%CI，0.47-0.95）。与从未在 18 岁之前被捕或监禁的人相比，18 岁之前被捕与 18 至 39 岁之间更早死亡的风险增加有关（时间比值，0.82；95%CI，0.73-0.93）。
在这项对 8951 名青少年的队列研究中，生存模型表明，在成人矫正机构中被监禁可能与 18 至 39 岁之间的早逝风险增加有关。
Zotero 插件