Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Liaoning Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning Agricultural Development Service Center, Shenyang 110164, China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 Sep;122:110551. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110551. Epub 2023 Jul 3.
Mastitis occurs frequently in breastfeeding women and not only affects the women's health but also hinders breastfeeding. Maslinic acid is a type of pentacyclic triterpenoid widely found in olives that has good anti-inflammatory activity. This study aims to discuss the protective function of maslinic acid against mastitis and its underlying mechanism. For this, mice models of mastitis were established using lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results revealed that maslinic acid reduced the pathological lesions in the mammary gland. In addition, it reduced the generation of pro-inflammatory factors and enzymes (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, and COX2) in both mice mammary tissue and mammary epithelial cells. The high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing of intestinal flora showed that in mice with mastitis, maslinic acid treatment altered β-diversity and regulated microbial structure by increasing the abundance of probiotics such as Enterobacteriaceae and downregulating harmful bacteria such as Streptococcaceae. In addition, maslinic acid protected the blood-milk barrier by maintaining tight-junction protein expression. Furthermore, maslinic acid downregulated mammary inflammation by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, AKT/NF-κB, and MAPK signaling pathways. Thus, in a mice model of LPS-induced mastitis, maslinic acid can inhibit the inflammatory response, protect the blood-milk barrier, and regulate the constitution of intestinal flora.
哺乳期妇女常发生乳腺炎，不仅影响妇女健康，还阻碍母乳喂养。齐墩果酸是一种广泛存在于橄榄中的五环三萜，具有良好的抗炎活性。本研究旨在探讨齐墩果酸对乳腺炎的保护作用及其机制。为此，采用脂多糖（LPS）建立乳腺炎小鼠模型。结果表明，齐墩果酸可减轻乳腺的病理损伤。此外，它还可减少小鼠乳腺组织和乳腺上皮细胞中促炎因子和酶（IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、iNOS 和 COX2）的生成。肠道菌群的高通量 16S rDNA 测序显示，在乳腺炎小鼠中，齐墩果酸通过增加肠杆菌科等益生菌的丰度和下调链球菌科等有害菌来改变β多样性和调节微生物结构。此外，齐墩果酸通过维持紧密连接蛋白表达来保护血乳屏障。此外，齐墩果酸通过抑制 NLRP3 炎性小体、AKT/NF-κB 和 MAPK 信号通路的激活来抑制乳腺炎症。因此，在 LPS 诱导的乳腺炎小鼠模型中，齐墩果酸可抑制炎症反应，保护血乳屏障，调节肠道菌群组成。
