Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2023 Oct;284:111474. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.111474. Epub 2023 Jul 3.
Crustacean molting is highly related to energy and lipid metabolism. This study was conducted to detect the changes of total lipids (TL), triacylglyceride (TAG), phospholipid (PL) and lipid droplets in hepatopancreas, and then to investigate the gene expression patterns related to hepatopancreatic lipid metabolism during the molting cycle of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. Hepatopancreatic TL and TAG increased significantly from post-molt stage to pre-molt stage, then decreased significantly from pre-molt stage to ecdysis stage, which is consistent to the changes of neutral lipid-rich adipocytes in hepatopancreas. By transcriptomic analysis, 65,325 transcripts were sequenced and assembled, and 28,033 transcripts were annotated. Most genes were related to energy metabolism, and the enriched genes were involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and biosynthesis, especially in de novo synthesis of fatty acids and TAG, and ketone body production. Compared to the inter-molt stages, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase and other genes related to the synthesis of fatty acids were upregulated in the pre-molt stage. TAG synthesis related genes, including Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases, were upregulated in the post-molt stage compared to the inter-molt stage. The expression of ketone body-related genes had no significant changes during the molting cycle. Compared to the TAG synthetic pathway, ketone body biosynthesis may contribute less/secondarily to fatty acid metabolic processes, which could be involved in the other physiological processes or metabolism. In conclusion, these results showed that TAG is the major lipid deposition during inter- and pre-molt stages, and the most genes are related to the fatty acids and TAG metabolism in the hepatopancreas during the molting cycle of E. sinensis.
甲壳动物蜕皮与能量和脂质代谢密切相关。本研究旨在检测中国绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）蜕皮周期中肝胰腺总脂（TL）、三酰甘油（TAG）、磷脂（PL）和脂滴的变化，然后研究与肝胰腺脂质代谢相关的基因表达模式。肝胰腺 TL 和 TAG 从蜕皮后期到蜕皮前期显著增加，然后从蜕皮前期到蜕皮后期显著减少，这与肝胰腺中富含中性脂的脂滴的变化一致。通过转录组分析，共测序和组装了 65325 个转录本，注释了 28033 个转录本。大多数基因与能量代谢有关，富集的基因参与碳水化合物和脂质代谢和生物合成，特别是脂肪酸和 TAG 的从头合成以及酮体的产生。与蜕皮间期相比，乙酰辅酶 A 羧化酶、脂肪酸合酶等与脂肪酸合成相关的基因在蜕皮前期上调。与蜕皮间期相比，TAG 合成相关基因，包括甘油-3-磷酸酰基转移酶和 1-酰基甘油-3-磷酸酰基转移酶，在蜕皮后期上调。酮体相关基因在蜕皮周期中的表达没有显著变化。与 TAG 合成途径相比，酮体生物合成可能对脂肪酸代谢过程的贡献较小/次要，这可能涉及其他生理过程或代谢。总之，这些结果表明，TAG 是蜕皮间期和蜕皮前期的主要脂质沉积，在 E. sinensis 的蜕皮周期中，与肝胰腺中脂肪酸和 TAG 代谢相关的基因最多。
