Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Stem Cells. 2023 Oct 8;41(10):893-906. doi: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad052.
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), a class of cells with proliferative, immunomodulatory, and reparative functions, have shown therapeutic potential in a variety of systemic diseases, including metabolic syndrome (MetS). The cluster of morbidities that constitute MetS might be particularly amenable for the application of MSCs, which employ an arsenal of reparative actions to target multiple pathogenic pathways simultaneously. Preclinical studies have shown that MSCs can reverse pathological changes in MetS mainly by inhibiting inflammation, improving insulin resistance, regulating glycolipid metabolism, and protecting organ function. However, several challenges remain to overcome before MSCs can be applied for treating MetS. For example, the merits of autologous versus allogeneic MSCs sources remain unclear, particularly with autologous MSCs obtained from the noxious MetS milieu. The distinct characteristics and relative efficacy of MSCs harvested from different tissue sources also require clarification. Moreover, to improve the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs, investigators have explored several approaches that improved therapeutic efficacy but may involve potential safety concerns. This review summarized the potentially useful MSCs strategy for treating MetS, as well as some hurdles that remain to be overcome. In particular, larger-scale studies are needed to determine the therapeutic efficacy and safety of MSCs for clinical application.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）是一类具有增殖、免疫调节和修复功能的细胞，在多种系统性疾病中显示出治疗潜力，包括代谢综合征（MetS）。构成 MetS 的多种疾病可能特别适合应用 MSCs，MSCs 利用一系列修复作用来同时针对多种致病途径。临床前研究表明，MSCs 可以通过抑制炎症、改善胰岛素抵抗、调节糖脂代谢和保护器官功能来逆转 MetS 的病理变化。然而，在 MSCs 可用于治疗 MetS 之前，仍有一些挑战需要克服。例如，自体与同种异体 MSCs 来源的优点仍不清楚，特别是从有害的 MetS 环境中获得的自体 MSCs。不同组织来源的 MSCs 的独特特征和相对疗效也需要阐明。此外，为了提高 MSCs 的治疗效果，研究人员探索了几种可以提高治疗效果但可能涉及潜在安全问题的方法。本综述总结了用于治疗 MetS 的潜在有用的 MSCs 策略，以及仍需克服的一些障碍。特别是需要更大规模的研究来确定 MSCs 用于临床应用的治疗效果和安全性。
