Alektoroff Kirill, Papanagiotou Panagiotis
Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Neuroradiologie, Klinikum Bremen-Mitte/Bremen-Ost, 28205, Bremen, Deutschland.
Department of Radiology, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Griechenland.
Radiologie (Heidelb). 2023 Aug;63(8):609-613. doi: 10.1007/s00117-023-01178-9. Epub 2023 Jul 5.
Pediatric spinal tumors are rare and manifest frequently with unspecific symptoms, frequently resulting in delayed diagnosis. Many spinal tumor entities in children and adults are similar, but the lesions demonstrate a different prevalence and sometimes a different molecular genetic profile in children. For radiological evaluation of spinal tumor lesions, it is helpful to define the affected anatomical compartment. Important intradural pediatric tumor entities are astrocytomas, ependymomas, nerve sheath tumors, and liquorgenic metastases of intracranial neoplasms. Extradural masses are mostly primary tumors originating from osseous elements of the spine. Bone metastases are rare in children and can occur, for example, in neuroblastoma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most important noninvasive method for radiological spinal tumor evaluation.
小儿脊柱肿瘤较为罕见,常表现为非特异性症状,常导致诊断延迟。儿童和成人的许多脊柱肿瘤类型相似,但儿童的病变在患病率和有时分子遗传特征方面有所不同。对于脊柱肿瘤病变的放射学评估,明确受影响的解剖区域很有帮助。重要的小儿髓内肿瘤类型包括星形细胞瘤、室管膜瘤、神经鞘瘤以及颅内肿瘤的液性转移瘤。硬膜外肿块大多是起源于脊柱骨性成分的原发性肿瘤。骨转移在儿童中罕见,例如可发生于神经母细胞瘤。磁共振成像(MRI)是脊柱肿瘤放射学评估最重要的非侵入性方法。