School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London, UK.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2023 Aug;85(6):1755-1760. doi: 10.3758/s13414-023-02730-4. Epub 2023 Jul 6.
The oddball paradigm is commonly used to investigate human time perception. Trains of identical repeated events ('standards') are presented, only to be interrupted by a different 'oddball' that seems to have a relatively protracted duration. One theoretical account has been that this effect is driven by repetition suppression for repeated standards. The idea is that repeated events seem shorter as they incur a progressively reduced neural response, which is supported by the finding that oddball perceived duration increases linearly with the number of preceding repeated standards. However, typical oddball paradigms confound the probability of oddball presentations with variable numbers of standard repetitions on each trial, allowing people to increasingly anticipate an oddball presentation as more standards are presented. We eliminated this by making participants aware of what fixed number of standards they would encounter before a final test input and tested different numbers of standards in separate experimental sessions. The final event of sequences, the test event, was equally likely to be an oddball or another repeat. We found a positive linear relationship between the number of preceding repeated standards and the perceived duration of oddball test events. However, we also found this for repeat tests events, which speaks against the repetition suppression account of the temporal oddball effect.
该奇特范例常用于研究人类的时间感知。一系列相同的重复事件（“标准”）会被呈现，然后会被一个不同的“奇特”事件打断，这个奇特事件似乎持续时间相对较长。有一种理论解释是，这种效应是由重复标准的重复抑制驱动的。其想法是，重复的事件似乎会变短，因为它们会产生逐渐减少的神经反应，这一发现支持了这样一种观点，即奇特事件的感知持续时间与之前重复的标准数量呈线性增加。然而，典型的奇特范例将奇特事件的出现概率与每个试验中重复标准的数量混淆在一起，这使得人们可以随着呈现的标准数量的增加而越来越预期会出现一个奇特事件。我们通过让参与者在最后一个测试输入之前知道他们将遇到的标准数量来消除这种情况，并在单独的实验会议中测试了不同数量的标准。序列的最后一个事件，即测试事件，同样有可能是奇特事件或另一个重复事件。我们发现，在重复标准的数量和奇特测试事件的感知持续时间之间存在正线性关系。然而，我们也发现了重复测试事件的这种关系，这与时间奇特效应的重复抑制解释相悖。
