Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Crop Protection Sciences, The University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 25120, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Department of Plant Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 6;13(1):10961. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37852-0.
Sitotroga cerealella is one of the major pests of cereals in the field and storage conditions throughout the world. The main objective was to study the life tables of S. cerealella on wheat, maize and barley and its implications on percent parasitism of Trichogramma chilonis. S. cerealella is reared under lab conditions as its eggs are utilized for rearing T. chilonis. Fresh eggs of S. cerealella were collected and after hatching the neonate larvae of S. cerealella were transferred onto each host plant species for obtaining first (F1) generation (G). Seventy eggs were used for each host and each egg was used as a replicate. Daily observations were made for recording the life-table parameters of the S. cerealella. The data showed that the developmental time of S. cerealella eggs and pupae was maximum (5.68 and 7.75 days) when reared on wheat, while the maximum larval duration (19.77 days) of S. cerealella was recorded on barley. The maximum fecundity (290.30 ± 22.47 eggs/female) was recorded on maize, while minimum fecundity per female was recorded on barley (159.30 eggs/ female). The S. cerealella reared on maize had significantly higher values of finite rate of increase (λ), intrinsic rate of increase (r), and net reproductive rate (R) (0.14 ± 0.04 day, 1.16 ± 0.05 day, and 136.85 ± 20.25 eggs/ female) respectively. The mean generation time (T) (35.18 ± 0.61 days) was higher on wheat. Likewise, the gross reproductive rate (GRR) and the age-stage specific reproductive values (v) of newly oviposited eggs of S. cerealella were recorded higher (136.85 ± 20.25; 1.160 offspring) on maize. The data regarding the efficacy of T. chilonis for different parameters were recorded higher on maize i.e., percent parasitism (89.00 ± 2.30%), percent adult emergence (81.60 ± 1.20%), adult longevity (3.80 ± 0.10 days) and total adult longevity (9.90 ± 0.20 days) as compared to wheat and barley. Our findings revealed that S. cerealella can be best reared on maize under laboratory conditions as it prefers this host as compared to wheat and barley. Therefore, assigning the most susceptible and favorite host (maize) would help us to improve T. chilonis mass production under laboratory conditions.
米麦蛾是一种在全世界田间和储存条件下危害谷物的主要害虫之一。本研究的主要目的是研究米麦蛾在小麦、玉米和大麦上的生命表及其对玉米螟赤眼蜂寄生率的影响。米麦蛾在实验室条件下饲养，因为它的卵被用于饲养玉米螟赤眼蜂。收集新鲜的米麦蛾卵，孵化后的米麦蛾幼虫转移到每个宿主植物物种上，以获得第一代（G）。每个宿主使用 70 个卵，每个卵作为一个重复。每天观察记录米麦蛾的生命表参数。数据表明，当在小麦上饲养时，米麦蛾的卵和蛹的发育时间最长（5.68 和 7.75 天），而米麦蛾的幼虫持续时间最长（19.77 天）在大麦上。米麦蛾在玉米上的最大产卵量（290.30±22.47 个/雌），而在大麦上的最小产卵量（159.30 个/雌）。在玉米上饲养的米麦蛾具有显著更高的有限增长率（λ）、内禀增长率（r）和净生殖率（R）（0.14±0.04 天、1.16±0.05 天和 136.85±20.25 个/雌）。平均世代时间（T）（35.18±0.61 天）在小麦上较高。同样，米麦蛾新产卵的总生殖率（GRR）和年龄-阶段特定生殖值（v）在玉米上记录较高（136.85±20.25；1.160 后代）。关于玉米螟赤眼蜂不同参数的效能数据记录较高，即寄生率（89.00±2.30%）、成虫羽化率（81.60±1.20%）、成虫寿命（3.80±0.10 天）和总成虫寿命（9.90±0.20 天），而在小麦和大麦上则较低。我们的研究结果表明，在实验室条件下，米麦蛾可以在玉米上最好地饲养，因为它比小麦和大麦更喜欢这种宿主。因此，选择最易感和最喜爱的宿主（玉米）将有助于我们提高实验室条件下玉米螟赤眼蜂的大规模生产。
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