Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Matern Child Nutr. 2023 Oct;19(4):e13541. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13541. Epub 2023 Jul 6.
Infants younger than 4 months are not ready for complementary foods/drinks (any solid or liquid other than breast milk or infant formula). Almost half of US infants participate in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC), which provides nutrition education and support to low-income families. We describe the prevalence of early introduction (<4 months) of complementary foods/drinks and examine the association of milk feeding type (fully breastfed, partially breastfed or fully formula fed) with early introduction of complementary foods/drinks. We used data from 3310 families in the longitudinal WIC Infant and Toddler Feeding Practices Study-2. We described the prevalence of early introduction of complementary foods/drinks and modeled the association of milk feeding type at Month 1 with early introduction of complementary foods/drinks using multi-variable logistic regression. Thirty-eight percent of infants were introduced early to complementary foods/drinks (<4 months). In adjusted models, infants who were fully formula fed or partially breastfed at Month 1 were 75% and 57%, respectively, more likely to be introduced early to complementary foods/drinks compared with fully breastfed infants. Almost two in five infants were given complementary foods/drinks early. Formula feeding at Month 1 was associated with higher odds of early introduction of complementary foods/drinks. There are opportunities to support families participating in WIC to prevent early introduction of complementary foods/drinks and promote child health.
4 个月以下的婴儿还未准备好吃辅食（母乳或婴儿配方奶以外的任何固体或液体食物）。近一半的美国婴儿参加了妇女、婴儿和儿童特别补充营养计划（WIC），该计划为低收入家庭提供营养教育和支持。我们描述了辅食（除母乳或婴儿配方奶以外的任何固体或液体食物）早添（<4 个月）的流行情况，并检查了喂养类型（完全母乳喂养、部分母乳喂养或完全配方奶喂养）与辅食早添的关系。我们使用了来自纵向 WIC 婴儿和幼儿喂养实践研究-2 的 3310 个家庭的数据。我们描述了辅食早添的流行情况，并使用多变量逻辑回归模型，根据第 1 个月的哺乳类型，对辅食早添的关联性进行建模。38%的婴儿过早地添加了辅食（<4 个月）。在调整后的模型中，第 1 个月完全配方奶喂养或部分母乳喂养的婴儿与完全母乳喂养的婴儿相比，分别有 75%和 57%更有可能过早地添加辅食。近五分之二的婴儿过早地添加了辅食。第 1 个月配方奶喂养与辅食早添的可能性更高有关。有机会支持参加 WIC 的家庭，以防止辅食早添，并促进儿童健康。
