School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
J Mater Chem B. 2023 Aug 2;11(30):7103-7116. doi: 10.1039/d3tb01044a.
Biofilm-associated dental diseases and tooth discoloration have recently become the major barriers to achieve healthy teeth. However, there are few effective strategies to address these issues. Herein, the piezo-photocatalytic process is first proposed to be applied for biofilm eradication and tooth whitening with well-designed direct Z scheme g-CN/BiO heterostructures. DFT calculation and XPS results verify the formation of direct Z scheme g-CN/BiO heterostructures theoretically and experimentally. Using the direct Z scheme g-CN/BiO heterostructure, excellent piezo-photocatalytic effects for tooth whitening and biofilm removal are achieved. For piezo-photocatalytic degradation of the typical food colorant of indigo carmine the degradation rate constant is about quadruple that of piezocatalytic and 2.6 times of photocatalytic treatment. Tooth whitening experiments indicate that g-CN/BiO could whiten the stained teeth through the synergistic piezo-photocatalysis. In addition, excellent antibacterial performances can be obtained on the g-CN/BiO heterostructure through piezo-photocatalytic treatment. Not only the planktonic but also those bacteria embedded in biofilms can be effectively killed. The analyses of the piezo-photocatalytic mechanism indicates that the enhanced piezo-photocatalytic performance of the g-CN/BiO heterostructure could be attributed to the much higher separation efficiency of photoexcited charge carriers, increased production amounts of ROS and superior adsorption ability for bacteria than those with bare semiconductors of g-CN and BiO and those treated only with ultrasonic vibration or irradiation. Biosafety results show that the g-CN/BiO heterostructure is biologically safe and piezo-photocatalytic treatment has no harm the tooth structure, demonstrating the great potential of piezo-photocatalytic effect based new tooth whitening and antibacterial technology in future dental care fields.
生物膜相关的口腔疾病和牙齿变色最近已成为实现牙齿健康的主要障碍。然而，针对这些问题的有效策略却很少。在此，首次提出了压电光催化工艺，用于通过设计良好的直接 Z 型 g-CN/BiO 异质结构来消除生物膜和牙齿美白。DFT 计算和 XPS 结果从理论和实验上验证了直接 Z 型 g-CN/BiO 异质结构的形成。利用直接 Z 型 g-CN/BiO 异质结构，实现了出色的牙齿美白和生物膜去除的压电光催化效果。对于典型食品着色剂靛蓝胭脂红的压电光催化降解，其降解速率常数约为压电催化的四倍，是光催化处理的 2.6 倍。牙齿美白实验表明，g-CN/BiO 可以通过协同压电光催化作用使染色的牙齿变白。此外，通过压电光催化处理，在 g-CN/BiO 异质结构上可以获得出色的抗菌性能。不仅可以有效杀死浮游菌，还可以杀死嵌入生物膜中的细菌。压电光催化机制分析表明，g-CN/BiO 异质结构增强的压电光催化性能归因于光生载流子的分离效率更高、ROS 产生量增加以及对细菌的吸附能力更强，这优于裸露的 g-CN 和 BiO 半导体以及仅经过超声振动或照射处理的半导体。生物安全性结果表明，g-CN/BiO 异质结构具有生物安全性，并且压电光催化处理不会对牙齿结构造成伤害，这表明基于压电光催化效应的新型牙齿美白和抗菌技术在未来口腔护理领域具有巨大的潜力。
