College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; email:
Marine Science Center, Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, Nahant, Massachusetts, USA; email:
Ann Rev Mar Sci. 2024 Jan 17;16:335-360. doi: 10.1146/annurev-marine-022123-101845. Epub 2023 Jul 7.
Human civilization relies on estuaries, and many estuarine ecosystem services are provided by microbial communities. These services include high rates of primary production that nourish harvests of commercially valuable species through fisheries and aquaculture, the transformation of terrestrial and anthropogenic materials to help ensure the water quality necessary to support recreation and tourism, and mutualisms that maintain blue carbon accumulation and storage. Research on the ecology that underlies microbial ecosystem services in estuaries has expanded greatly across a range of estuarine environments, including water, sediment, biofilms, biological reefs, and stands of seagrasses, marshes, and mangroves. Moreover, the application of new molecular tools has improved our understanding of the diversity and genomic functions of estuarine microbes. This review synthesizes recent research on microbial habitats in estuaries and the contributions of microbes to estuarine food webs, elemental cycling, and interactions with plants and animals, and highlights novel insights provided by recent advances in genomics.
人类文明依赖于河口，而许多河口生态系统服务是由微生物群落提供的。这些服务包括通过渔业和水产养殖为商业价值物种提供高的初级生产力，转化陆地和人为物质以确保支持娱乐和旅游所需的水质，以及维持蓝碳积累和储存的共生关系。对河口微生物生态系统服务基础的生态学研究在各种河口环境中得到了极大的扩展，包括水、沉积物、生物膜、生物礁以及海草、沼泽和红树林的林分。此外，新的分子工具的应用提高了我们对河口微生物多样性和基因组功能的理解。这篇综述综合了最近关于河口微生物栖息地以及微生物对河口食物网、元素循环以及与植物和动物相互作用的贡献的研究，并强调了基因组学最新进展提供的新见解。
