Larsen Sofus C, Rohde Jeanett F, Olsen Nanna J, Østergaard Jane N, Heitmann Berit L, Specht Ina O
Research Unit for Dietary Studies, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Parker Institute, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Front Psychol. 2023 Jun 22;14:1166512. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1166512. eCollection 2023.
This study aimed to examine whether children in rural outdoor kindergartens had attained a lower body mass index z-score (BMIz) and were at lower risk of overweight after school entrance compared to children in urban conventional kindergartens.
This is a longitudinal observational study of 1,544 children from outdoor kindergartens and 1,640 from conventional kindergartens. The mean age at kindergarten enrolment was 3.5 years (SD: 0.9) in the outdoor kindergartens and 3.6 years (SD: 1.0) in the conventional kindergartens. Anthropometry was measured after school entry by school health nurses when the children were 6 to 8 years old. Attained BMIz was included as the primary outcome. The risk of attaining overweight (including obesity) was included as a secondary outcome. Register-based information was available on potential confounding factors. Linear and logistic regression models were used to assess group differences in outcome measures.
Our basic models, with information on outcome, kindergarten type, and birth weight showed a borderline statistically significantly lower attained BMIz (-0.07 [95% CI: -0.14, 0.00], = 0.060) and a lower risk of overweight (adjusted risk ratio: 0.83 [95% CI: 0.72, 0.97], = 0.016) among children attending outdoor kindergartens. However, when adjusting for sociodemographic factors and parental BMI, there was no evidence of differences in attained BMIz ( = 0.153) or overweight ( = 0.967).
When considering confounding factors, our findings indicate no differences in attained BMIz or risk of overweight after school entry among children attending rural outdoor kindergartens compared to those attending urban conventional kindergartens.
本研究旨在探讨与城市传统幼儿园的儿童相比，农村户外幼儿园的儿童在入园后是否具有更低的体重指数Z评分（BMIz）以及超重风险是否更低。
这是一项对1544名来自户外幼儿园的儿童和1640名来自传统幼儿园的儿童进行的纵向观察性研究。户外幼儿园儿童入园时的平均年龄为3.5岁（标准差：0.9），传统幼儿园儿童入园时的平均年龄为3.6岁（标准差：1.0）。儿童6至8岁入学后，由学校保健护士进行人体测量。达到的BMIz作为主要结果。超重（包括肥胖）风险作为次要结果。可获得基于登记的潜在混杂因素信息。使用线性和逻辑回归模型评估结果指标中的组间差异。
我们的基本模型，包含结果、幼儿园类型和出生体重信息，显示户外幼儿园儿童达到的BMIz在统计学上略低（-0.07 [95%置信区间：-0.14, 0.00]，P = 0.060），超重风险较低（调整风险比：0.83 [95%置信区间：0.72, 0.97]，P = 0.016）。然而，在调整社会人口学因素和父母BMI后，没有证据表明达到的BMIz（P = 0.153）或超重（P = 0.967）存在差异。
在考虑混杂因素时，我们的研究结果表明，与城市传统幼儿园的儿童相比，农村户外幼儿园的儿童在入学后达到的BMIz或超重风险没有差异。
