Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE, USA.
Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2023 Oct;27(10):1846-1854. doi: 10.1007/s10995-023-03749-7. Epub 2023 Jul 10.
Early reports during the COVID-19 pandemic showed pregnant and postpartum women have increased rates of anxiety and depression. We hypothesized that exposure to more COVID-19-related events (e.g., stay-at-home orders, school closures, work layoffs, family members ill with COVID-19; Event Exposure), greater perceived impact of COVID-19 events on the family (Family Impact), and less social support would be associated with more anxiety and depression symptoms among first-time mothers.
We interviewed 125 first-time mothers of infants under 3 months of age from four pediatric primary care offices (June 2020 - February 2021) to assess COVID-19 experiences, anxiety and depression symptoms, and social support. Hierarchical linear regression evaluated relations between COVID-19 Event Exposure, COVID-19 Family Impact, and social support on maternal anxiety and depression symptoms.
COVID-19 Event Exposure was not associated with depression or anxiety symptom scores. However, greater COVID-19 Family Impact was related to increased maternal depression and anxiety symptoms when controlling for COVID-19 Event Exposure. Reduced social support predicted higher depression symptom scores, but not anxiety symptom scores, when accounting for other variables.
The number of COVID-19-related events experienced by first-time mothers did not predict anxiety or depression symptoms. However, greater perceived impact of COVID-19 on their family was associated with higher symptoms of anxiety and depression in these mothers. Pediatricians can promote resilience strategies to help new mothers adapt during the COVID-19 pandemic to help decrease anxiety and depression symptoms.
COVID-19 大流行期间的早期报告显示，孕妇和产后妇女的焦虑和抑郁发生率增加。我们假设，接触更多与 COVID-19 相关的事件（例如，居家令、学校关闭、裁员、家庭成员感染 COVID-19；事件暴露）、对 COVID-19 事件对家庭的感知影响更大（家庭影响）、社会支持较少与初产妇的焦虑和抑郁症状有关。
我们对来自四个儿科初级保健办公室的 125 名 3 个月以下婴儿的初产妇进行了访谈（2020 年 6 月至 2021 年 2 月），以评估 COVID-19 经历、焦虑和抑郁症状以及社会支持。分层线性回归评估了 COVID-19 事件暴露、COVID-19 家庭影响与社会支持对产妇焦虑和抑郁症状的关系。
COVID-19 事件暴露与抑郁或焦虑症状评分无关。然而，在控制 COVID-19 事件暴露后，更大的 COVID-19 家庭影响与产妇抑郁和焦虑症状增加有关。当考虑到其他变量时，社会支持减少预测了更高的抑郁症状评分，但不是焦虑症状评分。
初产妇经历的 COVID-19 相关事件数量并未预测焦虑或抑郁症状。然而，COVID-19 对其家庭的感知影响越大，这些母亲的焦虑和抑郁症状就越高。儿科医生可以促进应对策略，帮助新妈妈在 COVID-19 大流行期间适应，以帮助减少焦虑和抑郁症状。
