克洛布查尔、NeQuickG、BDGIM、GLONASS、IRI-2016、IRI-2012、IRI-Plas、NeQuick2 和 GEMTEC 电离层模型：总电子含量和定位领域的比较。

Klobuchar, NeQuickG, BDGIM, GLONASS, IRI-2016, IRI-2012, IRI-Plas, NeQuick2, and GEMTEC Ionospheric Models: A Comparison in Total Electron Content and Positioning Domains.

机构信息

Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia.

Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 108840 Moscow, Russia.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2023 May 15;23(10):4773. doi: 10.3390/s23104773.

DOI:10.3390/s23104773

PMID:37430685

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10224278/

Abstract

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) provide a great data source about the ionosphere state. These data can be used for testing ionosphere models. We studied the performance of nine ionospheric models (Klobuchar, NeQuickG, BDGIM, GLONASS, IRI-2016, IRI-2012, IRI-Plas, NeQuick2, and GEMTEC) both in the total electron content (TEC) domain-i.e., how precise the models calculate TEC-and in the positioning error domain-i.e., how the models improve single frequency positioning. The whole data set covers 20 years (2000-2020) from 13 GNSS stations, but the main analysis involves data during 2014-2020 when calculations are available from all the models. We used single-frequency positioning without ionospheric correction and with correction via global ionospheric maps (IGSG) data as expected limits for errors. Improvements against noncorrected solution were as follows: GIM IGSG-22.0%, BDGIM-15.3%, NeQuick2-13.8%, GEMTEC, NeQuickG and IRI-2016-13.3%, Klobuchar-13.2%, IRI-2012-11.6%, IRI-Plas-8.0%, GLONASS-7.3%. TEC bias and mean absolute TEC errors for the models are as follows: GEMTEC--0.3 and 2.4 TECU, BDGIM--0.7 and 2.9 TECU, NeQuick2--1.2 and 3.5 TECU, IRI-2012--1.5 and 3.2 TECU, NeQuickG--1.5 and 3.5 TECU, IRI-2016--1.8 and 3.2 TECU, Klobuchar-1.2 and 4.9 TECU, GLONASS--1.9 and 4.8 TECU, and IRI-Plas-3.1 and 4.2 TECU. While TEC and positioning domains differ, new-generation operational models (BDGIM and NeQuickG) could overperform or at least be at the same level as classical empirical models.

摘要

全球导航卫星系统 (GNSS) 提供了有关电离层状态的重要数据来源。这些数据可用于测试电离层模型。我们研究了九个电离层模型（Klobuchar、NeQuickG、BDGIM、GLONASS、IRI-2016、IRI-2012、IRI-Plas、NeQuick2 和 GEMTEC）在总电子含量 (TEC) 域中的性能，即模型计算 TEC 的精度，以及在定位误差域中的性能，即模型如何改善单频定位。整个数据集涵盖了 13 个 GNSS 站的 20 年（2000-2020 年）的数据，但主要分析涉及 2014-2020 年的数据，此时所有模型都可以提供计算结果。我们使用无电离层校正和使用全球电离层图 (IGSG) 数据校正的单频定位作为误差的预期极限。与非校正解相比的改进如下：GIM IGSG-22.0%、BDGIM-15.3%、NeQuick2-13.8%、GEMTEC、NeQuickG 和 IRI-2016-13.3%、Klobuchar-13.2%、IRI-2012-11.6%、IRI-Plas-8.0%、GLONASS-7.3%。模型的 TEC 偏差和平均绝对 TEC 误差如下：GEMTEC-0.3 和 2.4 TECU、BDGIM-0.7 和 2.9 TECU、NeQuick2-1.2 和 3.5 TECU、IRI-2012-1.5 和 3.2 TECU、NeQuickG-1.5 和 3.5 TECU、IRI-2016-1.8 和 3.2 TECU、Klobuchar-1.2 和 4.9 TECU、GLONASS-1.9 和 4.8 TECU、以及 IRI-Plas-3.1 和 4.2 TECU。虽然 TEC 和定位域不同，但新一代的运行模型（BDGIM 和 NeQuickG）可能表现优于或至少与经典经验模型相当。