2020 年 2 月至 2021 年 9 月期间,美国一家大型医院网络中 COVID-19 住院患儿的治疗和护理情况。

Treatment and care received by children hospitalized with COVID-19 in a large hospital network in the United States, February 2020 to September 2021.

机构信息

Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.

HCA Healthcare, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2023 Jul 11;18(7):e0288284. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288284. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

We described care received by hospitalized children with COVID-19 or multi-system inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) prior to the 2021 COVID-19 Omicron variant surge in the US. We identified hospitalized children <18 years of age with a COVID-19 or MIS-C diagnosis (COVID-19 not required), separately, from February 2020-September 2021 (n = 126 hospitals). We described high-risk conditions, inpatient treatments, and complications among these groups. Among 383,083 pediatric hospitalizations, 2,186 had COVID-19 and 395 had MIS-C diagnosis. Less than 1% had both COVID-19 and MIS-C diagnosis (n = 154). Over half were >6 years old (54% COVID-19, 70% MIS-C). High-risk conditions included asthma (14% COVID-19, 11% MIS-C), and obesity (9% COVID-19, 10% MIS-C). Pulmonary complications in children with COVID-19 included viral pneumonia (24%) and acute respiratory failure (11%). In reference to children with COVID-19, those with MIS-C had more hematological disorders (62% vs 34%), sepsis (16% vs 6%), pericarditis (13% vs 2%), myocarditis (8% vs 1%). Few were ventilated or died, but some required oxygen support (38% COVID-19, 45% MIS-C) or intensive care (42% COVID-19, 69% MIS-C). Treatments included: methylprednisolone (34% COVID-19, 75% MIS-C), dexamethasone (25% COVID-19, 15% MIS-C), remdesivir (13% COVID-19, 5% MIS-C). Antibiotics (50% COVID-19, 68% MIS-C) and low-molecular weight heparin (17% COVID-19, 34% MIS-C) were frequently administered. Markers of illness severity among hospitalized children with COVID-19 prior to the 2021 Omicron surge are consistent with previous studies. We report important trends on treatments in hospitalized children with COVID-19 to improve the understanding of real-world treatment patterns in this population.

摘要

我们描述了 2021 年美国 COVID-19 奥密克戎变异株流行之前住院的 COVID-19 或多系统炎症综合征(MIS-C)患儿的治疗情况。我们分别从 2020 年 2 月至 2021 年 9 月(n = 126 家医院)确定了患有 COVID-19 或 MIS-C 诊断(COVID-19 不是必需的)的<18 岁住院儿童。我们描述了这些组中高风险疾病、住院治疗和并发症。在 383,083 例儿科住院患者中,2186 例患有 COVID-19,395 例患有 MIS-C 诊断。不到 1%的患者同时患有 COVID-19 和 MIS-C 诊断(n = 154)。超过一半的患者年龄大于 6 岁(54% COVID-19,70% MIS-C)。高风险疾病包括哮喘(14% COVID-19,11% MIS-C)和肥胖症(9% COVID-19,10% MIS-C)。COVID-19 患儿的肺部并发症包括病毒性肺炎(24%)和急性呼吸衰竭(11%)。在患有 COVID-19 的儿童中,患有 MIS-C 的儿童更易出现血液系统疾病(62%比 34%)、败血症(16%比 6%)、心包炎(13%比 2%)、心肌炎(8%比 1%)。很少有患者需要通气或死亡,但有些需要氧气支持(38% COVID-19,45% MIS-C)或重症监护(42% COVID-19,69% MIS-C)。治疗包括:甲基强的松龙(34% COVID-19,75% MIS-C)、地塞米松(25% COVID-19,15% MIS-C)、瑞德西韦(13% COVID-19,5% MIS-C)。抗生素(50% COVID-19,68% MIS-C)和低分子量肝素(17% COVID-19,34% MIS-C)经常使用。在 2021 年奥密克戎激增之前住院的 COVID-19 患儿的疾病严重程度标志物与之前的研究一致。我们报告了 COVID-19 住院患儿治疗方面的重要趋势,以提高对该人群实际治疗模式的理解。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/eec8/10335660/53b84a9402b5/pone.0288284.g001.jpg

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