Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 Sep;122:110470. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110470. Epub 2023 Jul 9.
Researchers have tried to find novel strategies for cancer treatment in the past decades. Among the utilized methods, administering oncolytic viruses (OVs) alone or combined with other anticancer therapeutic approaches has had promising outcomes, especially in solid tumors. Infecting the tumor cells by these viruses can lead to direct lysis or induction of immune responses. However, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) is considered a significant challenge for oncolytic virotherapy in treating cancer. Based on OV type, hypoxic conditions in the TME can accelerate or repress virus replication. Therefore, genetic manipulation of OVs or other molecular modifications to reduce hypoxia can induce antitumor responses. Moreover, using OVs with tumor lysis capability in the hypoxic TME may be an attractive strategy to overcome the limitations of the therapy. This review summarizes the latest information available in the field of cancer virotherapy and discusses the dual effect of hypoxia on different types of OVs to optimize available related therapeutic methods.
在过去的几十年中，研究人员一直在尝试寻找癌症治疗的新策略。在使用的方法中，单独或联合使用溶瘤病毒（OVs）与其他抗癌治疗方法具有有前景的结果，尤其是在实体瘤中。这些病毒感染肿瘤细胞可以导致直接裂解或诱导免疫反应。然而，免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境（TME）被认为是溶瘤病毒治疗癌症的重大挑战。根据 OV 类型，TME 中的缺氧条件可以加速或抑制病毒复制。因此，对 OVs 进行基因操作或其他分子修饰以减少缺氧，可以诱导抗肿瘤反应。此外，在缺氧的 TME 中使用具有肿瘤溶解能力的 OVs 可能是克服治疗局限性的一种有吸引力的策略。本综述总结了癌症病毒治疗领域的最新信息，并讨论了缺氧对不同类型 OVs 的双重影响，以优化现有的相关治疗方法。
