Institute of Ethics and Society, University of Notre Dame, Broadway, NSW, Australia.
School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Palliat Support Care. 2024 Apr;22(2):314-324. doi: 10.1017/S1478951523000676.
Despite there being many models for how spiritual care should be provided, the way nurses actually provide spiritual care often differs from these models. Based on the premise that the way a person enacts their work role is related to how they understand that role, this study aims to describe the qualitatively different ways that nurses understand their spiritual care role.
A convenience sample of 66 American nurses completed an anonymous, online questionnaire about what spiritual care means for them and what they generally do to provide spiritual care. Their responses were analyzed phenomenographically.
Four qualitatively different ways of understanding emerged: active management of the patient's experience, responsive facilitation of patient's wishes, accompaniment on the patient's dying journey, and empowering co-action with the patient. Each understanding was found to demonstrate a specific combination of 5 attributes that described the spiritual care role: nurse directivity, the cues used for spiritual assessment, and the nurse's perception of intimacy, the patient, and the task.
The findings of this study may explain why nurses vary in their spiritual care role and can be used to assess and develop competence in spiritual care.
尽管有许多关于如何提供精神关怀的模式，但护士实际提供精神关怀的方式往往与这些模式不同。基于这样一个前提，即一个人执行其工作角色的方式与他们对该角色的理解方式有关，本研究旨在描述护士对其精神关怀角色的理解在质上的不同方式。
一个方便的美国护士样本（n=66）完成了一份关于精神关怀对他们意味着什么以及他们通常如何提供精神关怀的匿名在线问卷。对他们的回答进行了现象学分析。
出现了四种不同的理解方式：积极管理患者的体验、响应性促进患者的愿望、陪伴患者走向死亡以及与患者合作赋能。每一种理解方式都被发现表现出了 5 个属性的特定组合，这些属性描述了精神关怀角色：护士的直接性、精神评估的线索以及护士对亲密关系、患者和任务的感知。
本研究的结果可能解释了为什么护士在精神关怀角色上存在差异，并可用于评估和发展精神关怀能力。
