Herzog M, Hopf S
Eur Arch Psychiatry Neurol Sci. 1986;236(1):10-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00641051.
In 4 mixed-age captive groups of squirrel monkeys the predator alarm behavior control by means of visual stimuli was studied, and the extent to which socially inexperienced infant squirrel monkeys are capable of species-specific alarm behavior. By means of color film projection it was shown that both the socially experienced and inexperienced subjects recognized two-dimensional representations of real objects or situations. Behavioral reactions to visual stimulus patterns of terrestrial predators and graded controls revealed that recognition involves complex perceptional processes and is dependent on social experience. Using a series of systematically varied spot patterns, it was found that the monkeys generalize within a wide but well-defined range of stimuli. There was a clear-cut gender difference in alarm responses, with the males exerting a leading role both in onset and ceasing of terrestrial predator alarm. Both the socially experienced and inexperienced subjects responded with the species-specific avian alarm and flight reaction to fast moving patterns. Only the speed, not the shape, was relevant.
在4个圈养的松鼠猴混合年龄组中，研究了通过视觉刺激对捕食者警报行为的控制，以及社交经验不足的幼年松鼠猴表现出特定物种警报行为的能力。通过彩色电影放映表明，有社交经验和无社交经验的受试者都能识别真实物体或场景的二维图像。对陆地捕食者视觉刺激模式和分级对照的行为反应表明，识别涉及复杂的感知过程，并且依赖于社交经验。使用一系列系统变化的斑点图案，发现猴子在广泛但明确界定的刺激范围内进行概括。警报反应存在明显的性别差异，雄性在陆地捕食者警报的开始和停止中都起主导作用。有社交经验和无社交经验的受试者都对快速移动的图案做出特定物种的鸟类警报和逃跑反应。只有速度，而不是形状，是相关的。
