Department of Forest Industry Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey.
Biodegradation. 2023 Dec;34(6):597-607. doi: 10.1007/s10532-023-10045-2. Epub 2023 Jul 12.
One of the most important biological factors that damage wood materials are wood-decay fungi (WDF). Chemical preservatives have traditionally been the most effective method for controlling WDF. However, due to environmental pressures, scientists are working on alternative protection methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of some antagonistic fungi against wood-decay fungi as a biological control agent (BCA). For this purpose, the antagonistic effects of Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, and Penicillium brevicompactum fungi were investigated against the Trametes versicolor, Trametes hirsuta, Stereum hirsutum, Coniophora puteana, Neolentinus lepideus, and Postia placenta species of wood-decay Basidiomycetes fungi. In the study, firstly, inhibition rates were determined by comparing dual culture tests on agar medium, and then the performance of BCAs was compared by performing decay tests on wood blocks. As a result of the study, it was determined that the species belonging to the genus Trichoderma showed a very effective performance on WDF, increased the inhibition rate to 76-99%, and reduced the weight loss to 1.9-5.8%. Considering the inhibition rates, it was determined that the most effective rate of the BCAs was on P. placenta and the least on S. hirsutum species. According to the results obtained, it has been determined that some BCAs were very effective biological control agents of rot fungi on agar and wood blocks in vitro. However, in order to more clearly determine the effectiveness of BCAs in practice, this study, which was carried out in the laboratory environment, should be supported by tests performed in contact with the external field and soil.
木材腐朽真菌（WDF）是破坏木材材料的最重要的生物因素之一。化学防腐剂一直是控制 WDF 的最有效方法。然而，由于环境压力，科学家们正在研究替代保护方法。本研究的目的是研究一些拮抗菌对木材腐朽真菌作为生物防治剂（BCA）的潜在作用。为此，研究了哈茨木霉、绿色木霉、黑曲霉和青霉对彩绒革盖菌、粗毛栓菌、粗毛硬革菌、密粘褶菌、美味牛肝菌和茶褐层孔菌等木材腐朽担子菌的拮抗作用。在研究中，首先通过在琼脂培养基上进行双培养试验来确定抑制率，然后通过在木块上进行腐朽试验来比较 BCA 的性能。研究结果表明，属木霉的种对 WDF 表现出非常有效的性能，抑制率提高到 76-99%，失重率降低到 1.9-5.8%。考虑到抑制率，确定 BCA 对 P. placenta 的效果最显著，对 S. hirsutum 的效果最不显著。根据获得的结果，确定了一些 BCA 是在琼脂和木块上体外防治腐朽真菌的非常有效的生物防治剂。然而，为了更清楚地确定 BCA 在实践中的有效性，本研究在实验室环境中进行，应通过与外部环境和土壤接触进行的测试来支持。
