Yazigi Christine, Kern Matthias, Chaar M Sad
Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics, and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
Professor and Chairman, Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics, and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
J Prosthet Dent. 2025 Apr;133(4):1047-1053. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.06.002. Epub 2023 Jul 11.
Scientific data on the decontamination effectiveness of a newly introduced cleaning agent are lacking.
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the tensile bond strength (TBS) of 3 different restorative bonding surfaces after contamination with saliva following different cleaning protocols.
A total of 192 disk specimens were made out of 3 materials (n=64); Katana Avencia (A), Katana Zirconia (Z), and e.max CAD (L). The bonding surfaces of all disks were polished, steam cleaned, and then pretreated by following the recommended protocol for each material. The specimens of each group were divided into 4 subgroups (n=16). The first subgroup served as the reference (R), where no contamination was applied. The 3 other subgroups were contaminated with saliva and subsequently rinsed with water for 20 seconds and dried with oil- and water-free air spray. They were then either not treated with any cleaning method (0), cleaned with Katana Cleaner (K), or cleaned with Ivoclean (I). The bonding surfaces of the specimens were perpendicularly luted to plexiglass tubes filled with dual-polymerizing composite resin (Clearfil DC Core) with resin cement (Panavia V5) after the recommended surface conditioning. Each subgroup was further subdivided into 2 groups: stored in 37 °C water for 3 days or subjected to thermal-cyclic loading for 150 days with 37 500 thermal cycles (7500 per month), temperature 5 to 55 °C, and dwell time of 30 seconds. All specimens were subjected to TBS testing in a universal testing machine. Three-way ANOVA was applied. A significant interaction (P<.01) was detected between the 3 different variables (material, treatment, aging). After significant interactions had been revealed by 3-way ANOVA, additional statistical analysis was performed by using separate 2-way ANOVAs, then separate 1-way ANOVAs followed by the Tukey-HSD test for post hoc pairwise comparisons among groups (α=.05 for all tests). All specimens underwent failure mode analysis after TBS testing RESULTS: All specimens survived the storage with thermocycling except for group Z-0, where all specimens debonded during thermocycling. The mean ±standard deviation TBS values ranged from 18.3 ±5.3 MPa to 34.0 ±5.4 MPa after 3 days and from 6.7 ±5.5 MPa to 26.9 ±5.4 MPa after 150 days.
Contaminated groups that did not receive any cleaning had significantly lower TBS. Thermocycling had a negative effect on the TBS but was not statistically significant for all groups. Using the same cleaning method, the restorative material did had a significant effect on the TBS after 150 days.
缺乏关于一种新引入的清洁剂去污效果的科学数据。
本体外研究的目的是评估和比较在不同清洁方案后被唾液污染的3种不同修复粘结面的拉伸粘结强度（TBS）。
用3种材料制作了总共192个圆盘标本（n = 64）；卡塔纳·阿文西亚（A）、卡塔纳氧化锆（Z）和e.max CAD（L）。所有圆盘的粘结面均进行抛光、蒸汽清洁，然后按照每种材料推荐的方案进行预处理。每组标本分为4个亚组（n = 16）。第一个亚组作为参照组（R），未施加污染。其他3个亚组被唾液污染，随后用水冲洗20秒，并用无水无油空气喷雾干燥。然后它们要么不采用任何清洁方法处理（0），用卡塔纳清洁剂（K）清洁，要么用伊沃清洁剂（I）清洁。在推荐的表面处理后，用树脂粘结剂（帕纳维亚V5）将标本的粘结面垂直粘结到装有双聚合复合树脂（Clearfil DC Core）的有机玻璃管上。每个亚组进一步分为2组：在37℃水中储存3天，或进行150天的热循环加载，共37500次热循环（每月7500次），温度为5至55℃，保压时间为30秒。所有标本在万能试验机上进行TBS测试。应用三因素方差分析。在3个不同变量（材料、处理、老化）之间检测到显著的交互作用（P <.01）。在三因素方差分析揭示显著交互作用后，通过单独的双因素方差分析进行额外的统计分析，然后进行单独的单因素方差分析，随后进行Tukey-HSD检验以进行组间事后成对比较（所有检验的α = 0.05）。所有标本在TBS测试后进行失效模式分析。
除Z-0组外，所有标本在热循环储存后均存活，Z-0组的所有标本在热循环过程中脱粘。3天后，平均±标准差TBS值范围为18.3±5.3 MPa至34.0±5.4 MPa，150天后为6.7±5.5 MPa至26.9±5.4 MPa。
未接受任何清洁的污染组的TBS显著较低。热循环对TBS有负面影响，但对所有组而言在统计学上不显著。使用相同的清洁方法，150天后修复材料对TBS有显著影响。
