Kucera H, Enzelsberger H, Eppel W, Weghaupt K
Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 1986 Jun;46(6):388-90. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1035936.
In view of the fact that frequent occurrence of cervical carcinoma in smokers is referred in literature, the authors examined the effects of cigarette smoking on primary irradiation therapy results in cervical carcinoma. Whereas of 410 patients with cervical carcinoma of stage I and II, 260 (63.4%) attained the 5-year limit, out of 115 smokers only 62 survived (53.9%). In the advanced cases of stage III and IV, on the other hand, the rates of cure achieved in patients who were habitual smokers were significantly poorer. Of 626 non-smokers with cervical carcinoma in stages III and IV, 212 survived (33.9%), whereas of 153 smokers only 31 (20.3%) were cured (p less than 0.01). The incidence of side effects of primary irradiation was also distinctly higher in smokers than in non-smokers. Reversible complications occurred in 17.5% of the smokers and in 15.5% of the non-smokers. Severe irreversible changes occurred in 28% of smokers but in only 15.2% of the comparative group of non-smokers (p less than 0.01). The noxious effects of smoking not only impaired the biological effectiveness of ionising radiation but also increased the incidence of side effects owing to deterioration of the regenerative capacity of the tissue surrounding the tumour.
鉴于文献中提到吸烟者宫颈癌的发病率较高，作者研究了吸烟对宫颈癌原发性放射治疗效果的影响。在410例I期和II期宫颈癌患者中，260例（63.4%）存活至5年期限，而在115名吸烟者中，只有62人存活（53.9%）。另一方面，在III期和IV期的晚期病例中，习惯性吸烟者的治愈率明显较低。在626例III期和IV期宫颈癌非吸烟者中，212人存活（33.9%），而在153名吸烟者中，只有31人（20.3%）治愈（p<0.01）。吸烟者原发性放射治疗副作用的发生率也明显高于非吸烟者。17.5%的吸烟者出现可逆性并发症，15.5%的非吸烟者出现可逆性并发症。28%的吸烟者出现严重不可逆变化，而在非吸烟对照组中这一比例仅为15.2%（p<0.01）。吸烟的有害影响不仅损害了电离辐射的生物学效应，还由于肿瘤周围组织再生能力的恶化增加了副作用的发生率。
