School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
McMaster Health Forum, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, L8S4L8, Canada.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Aug;30(38):88272-88280. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-28453-5. Epub 2023 Jul 13.
Air pollution and global temperature change are expected to affect infectious diseases. Air pollution usually causes inflammatory response and disrupts immune defense system, while temperature mainly exacerbates the effect of vectors on humans. Yet to date overview of systematic reviews assessing the exposure risk of air pollutants and temperature on infectious diseases is unavailable. This article aims to fill this research gap. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigated the exposure risk of pollutants or temperature on infectious diseases were included. Two investigators screened literature, extracted data and performed the risk of bias assessments independently. A total of 23 articles met the inclusion criteria, which 3 (13%) were "low" quality and 20 (87%) were "critically low" quality. COVID-19 morbidity was associated with long-term exposure PM (RR = 1.056 per 1 [Formula: see text], 95% CI: 1.039-1.072) and NO (RR = 1.042 per 1 [Formula: see text], 95% CI: 1.017-1.068). In addition, for each 1 °C increase in temperature, the morbidity risk of dengue increased 13% (RR = 1.130 per 1 °C, 95% CI: 1.120-1.150), infectious diarrhea increased 8% (RR = 1.080 per 1 °C, 95% CI: 1.050-1.200), and hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) increased 5% (RR = 1.050 per 1 °C, 95% CI: 1.020-1.080). In conclusion, PM and NO increased the risk of COVID-19 and temperatures were associated with dengue, infectious diarrhoea and HFMD morbidity. Moreover, the exposure risk of temperature on COVID-19 was recommended to be further explored.
空气污染和全球温度变化预计会影响传染病。空气污染通常会引起炎症反应，破坏免疫系统防御，而温度主要会加剧媒介对人类的影响。然而，目前尚无评估空气污染物和温度暴露风险与传染病之间关系的系统评价综述。本文旨在填补这一研究空白。检索了 PubMed、Embase、Cochrane 图书馆、Web of Science 和 Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature。纳入了评估污染物或温度暴露风险与传染病之间关系的系统评价和荟萃分析。两名研究者独立筛选文献、提取数据和进行偏倚风险评估。共有 23 篇文章符合纳入标准，其中 3 篇（13%）为“低”质量，20 篇（87%）为“极低级”质量。COVID-19 发病率与长期 PM 暴露（RR=1.056/每增加 1 [Formula: see text]，95%CI：1.039-1.072）和 NO（RR=1.042/每增加 1 [Formula: see text]，95%CI：1.017-1.068）有关。此外，温度每升高 1°C，登革热发病率增加 13%（RR=1.130/每升高 1°C，95%CI：1.120-1.150），感染性腹泻增加 8%（RR=1.080/每升高 1°C，95%CI：1.050-1.200），手足口病（HFMD）增加 5%（RR=1.050/每升高 1°C，95%CI：1.020-1.080）。总之，PM 和 NO 增加了 COVID-19 的风险，而温度与登革热、感染性腹泻和 HFMD 的发病率有关。此外，建议进一步探讨温度对 COVID-19 的暴露风险。
