Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Department Of Nutrition, School Of Medicine, Zahedan University Of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
BMC Womens Health. 2023 Jul 13;23(1):371. doi: 10.1186/s12905-023-02528-4.
Changes that occur during pregnancy and after that during breastfeeding induce some symptoms similar to metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors. This study aims to determine the relationship between pregnancy, as well as the duration of breastfeeding and MetS controlling the effect of other risk factors like hypertension, glucose intolerance, triglyceride, central obesity, and reduction of high-density lipoprotein in women of Fasa Persian Cohort Study.
In this cross-sectional study, 5015 women aged 35-70 years were investigated in the Sheshdeh region from 2016 to 2021, and the information related to the disease symptoms was collected through questionnaires, examinations, and laboratory tests. MetS was calculated based on two guidelines according to adult treatment panel III (ATP III) and international diabetes federation (IDF) methods. For reporting the data, the odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval was used. In order to eliminate the effect of confounders, logistic regression was used.
Prevalence of MetS showed a descending trend in women with up to two pregnancies and it reached 22.6% and 22.4% using ATPIII and IDF methods respectively, while with an increase in the number of pregnancies of more than two, MetS prevalence was ascending. The prevalence of MetS did not have any specific trend across various breastfeeding duration groups. Multivariate analysis approved that the odds ratio of developing MetS in comparison with women who had two pregnancies was significantly increasing trend when the pregnancy counts increased.
The chance of developing MetS based on both IDF and ATP III methods after adjustment for confounding effects would grow with an increase in the number of pregnancies to more than two and breast-feeding of more than seven years. It is recommended that women with more than two pregnancies or the long duration of breast-feeding women undergo a specialized examination to investigate and control MetS problems so that future diseases could be prevented.
怀孕期间和哺乳期后发生的变化会引起一些类似于代谢综合征（MetS）危险因素的症状。本研究旨在确定妊娠以及母乳喂养时间与代谢综合征之间的关系，同时控制高血压、葡萄糖不耐受、甘油三酯、中心性肥胖和高密度脂蛋白降低等其他危险因素的影响，对象为法萨波斯人群研究中的女性。
在这项横断面研究中，2016 年至 2021 年，在谢什德地区调查了 5015 名年龄在 35-70 岁之间的女性，通过问卷、检查和实验室测试收集与疾病症状相关的信息。根据成人治疗小组 III（ATP III）和国际糖尿病联合会（IDF）方法，计算代谢综合征。为了报告数据，使用了比值比及其 95%置信区间。为了消除混杂因素的影响，使用了逻辑回归。
采用 ATPIII 和 IDF 方法，MetS 的患病率在怀孕次数不超过两次的女性中呈下降趋势，分别为 22.6%和 22.4%，而随着怀孕次数的增加，MetS 的患病率呈上升趋势。不同母乳喂养持续时间组的 MetS 患病率没有特定趋势。多变量分析证实，与怀孕两次的女性相比，怀孕次数增加时，发生 MetS 的比值比呈显著上升趋势。
在调整混杂因素影响后，根据 IDF 和 ATP III 方法，发生 MetS 的几率会随着怀孕次数超过两次和母乳喂养时间超过七年而增加。建议对怀孕次数超过两次或母乳喂养时间较长的妇女进行专门检查，以调查和控制 MetS 问题，从而预防未来的疾病。
