Galina Carlos Salvador, Geffroy Mariana
Departamento de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina, Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Jul 6;13(13):2224. doi: 10.3390/ani13132224.
Dual-purpose husbandry might well be the most commonly employed cattle management system in tropical regions worldwide. The advantages of producing both meat and milk, although in reduced quantities, gives an edge to the farmer in coping with the volatile economic conditions that prevail in the region. Herein, we discuss the different methods of cattle management under tropical conditions based on the financial and social structure of this system. An account of the sanitary and nutritional conditions available to the farmers and how these factors affect the profitability of the enterprise will also be given. Finally, we will discuss how these systems can take advantage of several biotechnological procedures, and how these tools (such as controlled natural mating, artificial insemination, and embryo transfer) affect reproductive outcomes. The present review will mainly concentrate on production systems located less than 1000 m above sea level, as the problems and shortcomings of cattle raised above this arbitrary landmark are quite different.
两用饲养很可能是全球热带地区最常用的养牛管理系统。生产肉和奶，尽管产量有所减少，但这一优势使农民能够应对该地区普遍存在的不稳定经济状况。在此，我们将基于该系统的财务和社会结构，讨论热带条件下不同的养牛管理方法。还将介绍农民可获得的卫生和营养条件，以及这些因素如何影响企业的盈利能力。最后，我们将讨论这些系统如何利用多种生物技术程序，以及这些工具（如控制自然交配、人工授精和胚胎移植）如何影响繁殖结果。本综述将主要关注海拔低于1000米的生产系统，因为海拔高于这个任意基准点饲养的牛所面临的问题和缺点有很大不同。
