Garrido Castillo Laura Nalleli, Anract Julien, Delongchamps Nicolas Barry, Huillard Olivier, BenMohamed Fatima, Decina Alessandra, Lebret Thierry, Dachez Roger, Paterlini-Bréchot Patrizia
Rarecells Diagnostics, F-75015 Paris, France.
National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Institut Necker Enfants Malades-INEM, Université Paris Cité, F-75015 Paris, France.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Jun 27;15(13):3366. doi: 10.3390/cancers15133366.
Prostate cancer is the third cause of cancer-related deaths in men. Its early and reliable diagnosis is still a public health issue, generating many useless prostate biopsies. Prostate cancer cells detected in urine could be the target of a powerful test but they are considered too rare. By using an approach targeting rare cells, we have analyzed urine from 45 patients with prostate cancer and 43 healthy subjects under 50 y.o. We observed a relevant number of giant cells in patients with cancer. Giant cells, named Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells (PGCC), are thought to be involved in tumorigenesis and treatment resistance. We thus performed immune-morphological studies with cancer-related markers such as α-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) to understand if the giant cells we found are PGCC or other urinary cells. We found PGCC in the urine of 22 patients, including those with early-stage prostate cancer, and one healthy subject. Although these results are preliminary, they provide, for the first time, clinical evidence that prostate cancers release PGCC into the urine. They are expected to stimulate further studies aimed at understanding the role of urinary PGCC and their possible use as a diagnostic tool and therapeutic target.
前列腺癌是男性癌症相关死亡的第三大原因。其早期可靠诊断仍是一个公共卫生问题，导致许多不必要的前列腺活检。尿液中检测到的前列腺癌细胞可能是一项强大检测的目标，但它们被认为过于稀少。通过采用针对稀有细胞的方法，我们分析了45例前列腺癌患者和43名50岁以下健康受试者的尿液。我们在癌症患者中观察到了相当数量的巨细胞。巨细胞，即多倍体巨癌细胞（PGCC），被认为与肿瘤发生和治疗抵抗有关。因此，我们使用与癌症相关的标志物，如α-甲基酰基辅酶A消旋酶（AMACR）、前列腺特异性膜抗原（PSMA）和端粒酶逆转录酶（TERT）进行免疫形态学研究，以了解我们发现的巨细胞是PGCC还是其他尿液细胞。我们在22例患者（包括早期前列腺癌患者）和1名健康受试者的尿液中发现了PGCC。尽管这些结果是初步的，但它们首次提供了临床证据，证明前列腺癌会将PGCC释放到尿液中。预计它们将刺激进一步的研究，旨在了解尿液中PGCC的作用及其作为诊断工具和治疗靶点的潜在用途。
