College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of MARA, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jun 29;24(13):10843. doi: 10.3390/ijms241310843.
The emergence of precision biology has been driven by the development of advanced technologies and techniques in high-resolution biological research systems. Enhancer-mediated transcriptional regulation, a complex network of gene expression and regulation in eukaryotes, has attracted significant attention as a promising avenue for investigating the underlying mechanisms of biological processes and diseases. To address biological problems with precision, large amounts of data, functional information, and research on the mechanisms of action of biological molecules is required to address biological problems with precision. Enhancers, including typical enhancers and super enhancers, play a crucial role in gene expression and regulation within this network. The identification and targeting of disease-associated enhancers hold the potential to advance precision medicine. In this review, we present the concepts, progress, importance, and challenges in precision biology, transcription regulation, and enhancers. Furthermore, we propose a model of transcriptional regulation for multi-enhancers and provide examples of their mechanisms in mammalian cells, thereby enhancing our understanding of how enhancers achieve precise regulation of gene expression in life processes. Precision biology holds promise in providing new tools and platforms for discovering insights into gene expression and disease occurrence, ultimately benefiting individuals and society as a whole.
精准生物学的出现是由高分辨率生物研究系统中先进技术和技术的发展所驱动的。增强子介导的转录调控是真核生物中基因表达和调控的复杂网络,作为研究生物过程和疾病潜在机制的有前途的途径引起了广泛关注。为了精准地解决生物学问题,需要大量的数据、功能信息和对生物分子作用机制的研究,才能精准地解决生物学问题。在这个网络中,增强子,包括典型的增强子和超级增强子,在基因表达和调控中发挥着关键作用。鉴定和靶向与疾病相关的增强子有可能推进精准医学。在这篇综述中,我们介绍了精准生物学、转录调控和增强子的概念、进展、重要性和挑战。此外,我们提出了一个多增强子转录调控模型,并提供了哺乳动物细胞中它们的机制的实例,从而增强了我们对增强子如何在生命过程中实现基因表达的精确调控的理解。精准生物学有望为发现基因表达和疾病发生的新见解提供新的工具和平台,最终使个人和整个社会受益。