Zhu Wangchuan, Li Xiang, Wang Danjun, Fu Feng, Liang Yucang
Research Institute of Comprehensive Energy Industry Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2023 Jul 6;13(13):2005. doi: 10.3390/nano13132005.
Nuclear energy with low carbon emission and high-energy density is considered as one of the most promising future energy sources for human beings. However, the use of nuclear energy will inevitably lead to the discharge of nuclear waste and the consumption of uranium resources. Therefore, the development of simple, efficient, and economical uranium extraction methods is of great significance for the sustainable development of nuclear energy and the restoration of the ecological environment. Photocatalytic U(VI) extraction technology as a simple, highly efficient, and low-cost strategy, received increasing attention from researchers. In this review, the development background of photocatalytic U(VI) extraction and several photocatalytic U(VI) reduction mechanisms are briefly described and the identification methods of uranium species after photocatalytic reduction are addressed. Subsequently, the modification strategies of several catalysts used for U(VI) extraction are summarized and the advantages and disadvantages of photocatalytic U(VI) extraction are compared. Additionally, the research progress of photocatalytic technology for U(VI) extraction in actual uranium-containing wastewater and seawater are evaluated. Finally, the current challenges and the developments of photocatalytic U(VI) extraction technology in the future are prospected.
具有低碳排放和高能量密度的核能被认为是人类未来最有前途的能源之一。然而，核能的使用将不可避免地导致核废料的排放和铀资源的消耗。因此，开发简单、高效、经济的铀提取方法对于核能的可持续发展和生态环境的恢复具有重要意义。光催化U(VI)提取技术作为一种简单、高效、低成本的策略，受到了研究人员越来越多的关注。在这篇综述中，简要描述了光催化U(VI)提取的发展背景和几种光催化U(VI)还原机制，并阐述了光催化还原后铀物种的鉴定方法。随后，总结了几种用于U(VI)提取的催化剂的改性策略，并比较了光催化U(VI)提取的优缺点。此外，还评估了光催化技术在实际含铀废水和海水中提取U(VI)的研究进展。最后，展望了光催化U(VI)提取技术目前面临的挑战和未来的发展。
