Guo Yarui, Qi Yuhong, Zhang Chen, Zhang Shukun, Zhang Zhanping
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Jul 4;15(13):2944. doi: 10.3390/polym15132944.
In this paper, four conductive polyaniline powders doped in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and sulfonic acid were selected and blended with polydimethylsiloxane to prepare coatings with an electromagnetic absorption effect and fouling desorption effect, respectively. A UV spectrophotometer was used to evaluate the settling rate of the powders. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, laser confocal microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the morphology and structure of the powder and the coating. The interface properties of the coatings were characterized using a contact angle measurement, the mechanical properties of the coatings using a tensile test, and the electromagnetic properties of the powders and microwave absorption properties of the coatings using vector network analyzers. Meanwhile, the antifouling performance of the coatings was evaluated via the marine bacteria adhesion test and benthic diatom adhesion test, and the effect of conductive polyaniline on the antifouling performance of the coating was analyzed. The results show that adding polyaniline reduced the surface energy of the coating and increased the roughness, mechanical properties and anti-fouling properties of the coating. Moreover, adding appropriate polyaniline powder can enhance the electromagnetic wave loss of the coating. The followings values were recorded for a hydrochloric-acid-doped polyaniline coating: lowest surface energy of 17.17 mJ/m, maximum fracture strength of 0.95 MPa, maximum elongation of 155%, maximum bandwidth of 3.81 GHz, and peak of reflection loss of -23.15 dB. The bacterial detachment rate of the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) samples was only 30.37%. The bacterial adhesion rates of the composite coating containing hydrochloric-acid-doped polyaniline were 4.95% and 2.72% after rinsing and washing, respectively, and the desorption rate was 45.35%. The chlorophyll concentration values were 0.0057 mg/L and 0.0028 mg/L, respectively, and the desorption rate was 54.62%.
在本文中，选取了分别用盐酸、硫酸、磷酸和磺酸掺杂的四种导电聚苯胺粉末，并将它们与聚二甲基硅氧烷混合，分别制备具有电磁吸收效应和污垢解吸效应的涂层。使用紫外分光光度计评估粉末的沉降速率。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱法、激光共聚焦显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察粉末和涂层的形态与结构。使用接触角测量来表征涂层的界面性能，使用拉伸试验来表征涂层的力学性能，使用矢量网络分析仪来表征粉末的电磁性能和涂层的微波吸收性能。同时，通过海洋细菌附着试验和底栖硅藻附着试验评估涂层的防污性能，并分析导电聚苯胺对涂层防污性能的影响。结果表明，添加聚苯胺降低了涂层的表面能，增加了涂层的粗糙度、力学性能和防污性能。此外，添加适量的聚苯胺粉末可以增强涂层的电磁波损耗。盐酸掺杂聚苯胺涂层的以下数值被记录：最低表面能为17.17 mJ/m，最大断裂强度为0.95 MPa，最大伸长率为155%，最大带宽为3.81 GHz，反射损耗峰值为-23.15 dB。聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）样品的细菌脱离率仅为30.37%。含盐酸掺杂聚苯胺的复合涂层在冲洗和洗涤后的细菌附着率分别为4.95%和2.72%，解吸率为45.35%。叶绿素浓度值分别为0.0057 mg/L和0.0028 mg/L，解吸率为54.62%。
