Pinto Swellan L, Janiak Mareike C, Dutyschaever Gwen, Barros Marília A S, Chavarria Adrian Guadamuz, Martin Maria Pia, Tuh Fred Y Y, Valverde Carmen Soto, Sims Lisa M, Barclay Robert M R, Wells Konstans, Dominy Nathaniel J, Pessoa Daniel M A, Carrigan Matthew A, Melin Amanda D
Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4.
Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
R Soc Open Sci. 2023 Jul 12;10(7):230451. doi: 10.1098/rsos.230451. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Dietary variation within and across species drives the eco-evolutionary responsiveness of genes necessary to metabolize nutrients and other components. Recent evidence from humans and other mammals suggests that sugar-rich diets of floral nectar and ripe fruit have favoured mutations in, and functional preservation of, the gene, which encodes the ADH class 4 enzyme responsible for metabolizing ethanol. Here we interrogate a large, comparative dataset of gene sequence variation, including that underlying the amino acid residue located at the key site (294) that regulates the affinity of ADH7 for ethanol. Our analyses span 171 mammal species, including 59 newly sequenced. We report extensive variation, especially among frugivorous and nectarivorous bats, with potential for functional impact. We also report widespread variation in the retention and probable pseudogenization of . However, we find little statistical evidence of an overarching impact of dietary behaviour on putative function or presence of derived alleles at site 294 across mammals, which suggests that the evolution of is shaped by complex factors. Our study reports extensive new diversity in a gene of longstanding ecological interest, offers new sources of variation to be explored in functional assays in future study, and advances our understanding of the processes of molecular evolution.
物种内部和物种之间的饮食差异驱动了代谢营养物质和其他成分所需基因的生态进化响应能力。来自人类和其他哺乳动物的最新证据表明，富含花蜜和成熟果实的高糖饮食有利于编码负责代谢乙醇的4类乙醇脱氢酶（ADH）的基因发生突变并保持功能。在这里，我们研究了一个关于该基因序列变异的大型比较数据集，包括位于调节ADH7对乙醇亲和力的关键位点（294）的氨基酸残基的潜在变异。我们的分析涵盖了171种哺乳动物，其中59种是新测序的。我们报告了广泛的变异，特别是在食果蝠和食蜜蝠中，这些变异可能具有功能影响。我们还报告了该基因在保留和可能的假基因化方面的广泛变异。然而，我们几乎没有发现统计学证据表明饮食行为对整个哺乳动物中该基因的假定功能或294位点衍生等位基因的存在有总体影响，这表明该基因的进化是由复杂因素塑造的。我们的研究报告了一个长期具有生态意义的基因中广泛的新多样性，为未来研究的功能测定提供了新的变异来源，并增进了我们对分子进化过程的理解。
