El-Zenary Ahmed Sa, Boney John W, Harvatine Kevin J
Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt; Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.
Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.
J Nutr. 2023 Oct;153(10):2929-2938. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.07.002. Epub 2023 Jul 13.
Omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are of interest because of their health effects. However, most experiments use natural oils and are confounded by PUFA concentrations and other fatty acids (FAs) that impact biosynthesis of the very long-chain derivatives (VLC).
To directly compare the effect of 18 C n-3 or n-6 FA fed at similar rates on their elongation and desaturation to VLC PUFA and their incorporation into tissues.
Oil blends that substituted ∼23% points of stearidonic acid (SDA) with alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), or linoleic acid (LA) while minimizing differences in other FA were prepared. COBB500 broilers were fed the oil blends at 1.25% of the diet from day 14-35 age.
There was greater enrichment of VLC PUFA in breast, thigh, liver, and plasma when diets were supplemented with high-SDA and high-GLA oil blends than high-ALA and high-LA oil blends. The efficiency of VLCn-3 PUFA synthesis from SDA and ALA was lower than the efficiency of VLCn-6 PUFA synthesis from GLA and LA, suggesting that the elongation and desaturation enzymes more efficiently utilized n-6 substrates. The efficiency of biotransformation of SDA to VLCn-3 PUFA was greater than that of high-ALA, and synthesis of VLCn-6 PUFA from GLA was higher than that of high-LA in breast, thigh, liver, and plasma. There were minimal effects on tissue-saturated and monounsaturated FA.
The high-SDA and high-GLA oil blends efficiently enriched tissues with their VLC-PUFA more than high-ALA and high-LA treatments.
ω-3（n-3）和ω-6（n-6）多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）因其对健康的影响而备受关注。然而，大多数实验使用天然油脂，并且受到PUFA浓度以及其他影响极长链衍生物（VLC）生物合成的脂肪酸（FA）的干扰。
直接比较以相似速率喂食的18碳n-3或n-6脂肪酸对其延长和去饱和生成VLC PUFA以及它们掺入组织的影响。
制备了用油混合物，其中用α-亚麻酸（ALA）、γ-亚麻酸（GLA）或亚油酸（LA）替代约23%的硬脂酸（SDA），同时尽量减少其他FA的差异。从14日龄到35日龄，给COBB500肉鸡喂食占日粮1.25%的油混合物。
与高ALA和高LA油混合物相比，当日粮补充高SDA和高GLA油混合物时，胸肌、大腿、肝脏和血浆中VLC PUFA的富集程度更高。从SDA和ALA合成VLC n-3 PUFA的效率低于从GLA和LA合成VLC n-6 PUFA的效率，这表明延长和去饱和酶更有效地利用n-6底物。在胸肌、大腿、肝脏和血浆中，SDA转化为VLC n-3 PUFA的生物转化效率高于高ALA，从GLA合成VLC n-6 PUFA的效率高于高LA。对组织饱和和单不饱和FA的影响最小。
与高ALA和高LA处理相比，高SDA和高GLA油混合物能更有效地使组织富含其VLC-PUFA。
