School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK.
J Sports Sci. 2023 Jun;41(7):706-714. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2235162. Epub 2023 Jul 15.
The present research sought to examine the prevalence of elite youth athletes' mental health and its relationship with talent development environments (TDEs). A sample of 248 Chinese elite youth athletes completed a self-report survey measuring demographic variables, TDE factors, and mental health outcomes including generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), depression, and athlete burnout. The results revealed moderate levels of burnout, with 19% of the participants meeting the diagnostic cut-off of GAD, and similar numbers for depression. The multiple regression analysis revealed alignment of expectations was the only TDE factor to significantly predict GAD and depression. Holistic quality preparation was the only significant TDE predictor of burnout. The results of cluster analysis suggested a three-cluster solution: cluster 1-"slightly below average TDE", cluster 2-"high TDE", and cluster 3-"very low TDE". Among the three clusters, cluster 2 had the lowest levels of GAD, depression, and burnout. Cluster 3 reported a higher burnout level than cluster 1, and the two clusters showed no differences in other two mental health outcomes. These findings suggest a need to manage mental health symptoms of elite youth athletes, and the roles of TDE could be considered in the management of mental health.
本研究旨在调查精英青年运动员的心理健康状况及其与人才发展环境（TDE）的关系。研究采用问卷调查法，选取了 248 名中国精英青年运动员作为研究对象，调查内容包括人口统计学变量、TDE 因素以及心理健康结果，包括广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）、抑郁和运动员倦怠。研究结果显示，运动员倦怠处于中等水平，其中 19%的参与者达到了 GAD 的诊断标准，抑郁的比例相当。多元回归分析显示，期望的一致性是唯一能显著预测 GAD 和抑郁的 TDE 因素。全面的素质准备是唯一能显著预测倦怠的 TDE 因素。聚类分析的结果表明存在三个聚类解决方案：聚类 1-"略低于平均 TDE"，聚类 2-"高 TDE"，聚类 3-"非常低 TDE"。在这三个聚类中，聚类 2 的 GAD、抑郁和倦怠程度最低。聚类 3 报告的倦怠程度高于聚类 1，而这两个聚类在其他两个心理健康结果方面没有差异。这些发现表明，有必要管理精英青年运动员的心理健康症状，可以考虑 TDE 在管理心理健康方面的作用。
