Fundación Universitaria CIEO (UniCIEO), Bogota, Colombia.
Dent Med Probl. 2023 Apr-Jun;60(2):287-294. doi: 10.17219/dmp/151577.
Malocclusion can affect the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The influence of the orthodontic treatment need (OTN) and the type of brackets on OHRQOL is not clear.
The aim of the present study was to determine the relationships between OTN and the bracket type and OHRQoL during the first 6 months of orthodontic treatment (OT) in adult patients.
This cohort study was conducted at the Department of Orthodontics of a private university. A total of 216 patients aged ≥18 years participated in the study (106 patients with conventional brackets and 110 with self-ligating brackets). The OHRQoL was evaluated using the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) at 5 time points - before OT (T0), and at 24/48 h (T1), 1 month (T2), 3 months (T3), and 6 months (T4) after the installation of the orthodontic appliance. The OTN was evaluated with the dental aesthetic index (DAI) by 2 previously calibrated operators. For the statistical analysis, the χ2 test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used. Additionally, Poisson regression models were performed.
The evidence of an association between OHRQoL and OTN was found only at T3 (p = 0.0095). No association was found between OHRQoL and the bracket type. However, in the regression models, OHRQoL was statistically significantly worse at T3 in the group with a greater OTN (IRR (incidence rate ratio) = 1.34; 95% CI (confidence interval): 1.21;1.48) and at T4 in the self-ligation group (IRR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.12;1.36).
The OHRQoL was affected in the same way at the beginning of OT, regardless of OTN and the bracket type used. However, a worse OHRQoL was observed at 3 months in subjects with greater OTN and at 6 months in patients with self-ligating brackets.
错颌畸形会影响口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）。正畸治疗需求（OTN）和托槽类型对 OHRQoL 的影响尚不清楚。
本研究旨在确定成人正畸治疗（OT）开始后 6 个月内 OTN 和托槽类型与 OHRQoL 之间的关系。
这是一项在一所私立大学正畸科进行的队列研究。共有 216 名年龄≥18 岁的患者参与了这项研究（106 名患者使用传统托槽，110 名患者使用自锁托槽）。在 5 个时间点（OT 前（T0），以及安装正畸矫治器后 24/48 小时（T1）、1 个月（T2）、3 个月（T3）和 6 个月（T4））使用 14 项口腔健康影响量表（OHIP-14）评估 OHRQoL。由 2 名经过校准的操作人员使用牙审美指数（DAI）评估 OTN。统计学分析采用 χ2 检验和 Mann-Whitney U 检验。此外，还进行了泊松回归模型分析。
仅在 T3 时发现 OHRQoL 与 OTN 之间存在关联（p = 0.0095）。OHRQoL 与托槽类型之间没有关联。然而，在回归模型中，在 OTN 较大的组中，T3 时 OHRQoL 统计学上显著更差（IRR（发病率比）= 1.34；95%CI（置信区间）：1.21；1.48），在自锁组中，T4 时 OHRQoL 统计学上显著更差（IRR = 1.23；95%CI：1.12；1.36）。
无论 OTN 和使用的托槽类型如何，OT 开始时 OHRQoL 都会受到相同的影响。然而，在 OTN 较大的患者中，在 3 个月时 OHRQoL 较差，在使用自锁托槽的患者中，在 6 个月时 OHRQoL 较差。
