测量不同制造工艺获得的玻璃纤维增强聚合物复合材料层压板的机械性能。

Measuring the Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforcement Polymer Composite Laminates Obtained by Different Fabrication Processes.

机构信息

Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology.

Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology;

出版信息

J Vis Exp. 2023 Jun 30(196). doi: 10.3791/65376.

DOI:10.3791/65376

PMID:37458467

Abstract

The traditional wet hand lay-up process (WL) has been widely applied in the manufacturing of fiber composite laminates. However, due insufficiency in the forming pressure, the mass fraction of fiber is reduced and lots of air bubbles are trapped inside, resulting in low-quality laminates (low stiffness and strength). The wet hand lay-up/vacuum bag (WLVB) process for the fabrication of composite laminates is based on the traditional wet hand lay-up process, using a vacuum bag to remove air bubbles and provide pressure, and then carrying out the heating and curing process. Compared with the traditional hand lay-up process, laminates manufactured by the WLVB process show superior mechanical properties, including better strength and stiffness, higher fiber volume fraction, and lower void volume fraction, which are all benefits for composite laminates. This process is completely manual, and it is greatly influenced by the skills of the preparation personnel. Therefore, the products are prone to defects such as voids and uneven thickness, leading to unstable qualities and mechanical properties of the laminate. Hence, it is necessary to finely describe the WLVB process, finely control steps, and quantify material ratios, in order to ensure the mechanical properties of laminates. This paper describes the meticulous process of the WLVB process for preparing woven plain patterned glass fiber reinforcement composite laminates (GFRPs). The fiber volume content of laminates was calculated using the formula method, and the calculated results showed that the fiber volume content of WL laminates was 42.04%, while that of WLVB laminates was 57.82%, increasing by 15.78%. The mechanical properties of the laminates were characterized using tensile and impact tests. The experimental results revealed that with the WLVB process, the strength and modulus of the laminates were enhanced by 17.4% and 16.35%, respectively, and the specific absorbed energy was increased by 19.48%.

摘要

传统的湿法手糊工艺（WL）已广泛应用于纤维复合材料层压板的制造。然而，由于成型压力不足，纤维的质量分数降低，并且大量气泡被困在其中，导致层压板质量较低（刚度和强度较低）。湿法手糊/真空袋（WLVB）工艺是在传统湿法手糊工艺的基础上，采用真空袋去除气泡并提供压力，然后进行加热和固化工艺。与传统的手工铺层工艺相比，WLVB 工艺制造的层压板具有优异的机械性能，包括更好的强度和刚度、更高的纤维体积分数和更低的孔隙率，这些都是复合材料层压板的优势。该工艺完全是手动的，并且受制备人员技能的影响很大。因此，产品容易出现缺陷，如空隙和不均匀厚度，导致层压板的质量和机械性能不稳定。因此，有必要精细描述 WLVB 工艺，精细控制步骤并量化材料比例，以确保层压板的机械性能。本文详细描述了制备机织平纹玻璃纤维增强复合材料层压板（GFRP）的 WLVB 工艺的细致过程。通过公式法计算了层压板的纤维体积含量，计算结果表明 WL 层压板的纤维体积含量为 42.04%，而 WLVB 层压板的纤维体积含量为 57.82%，增加了 15.78%。通过拉伸和冲击试验对层压板的力学性能进行了表征。实验结果表明，采用 WLVB 工艺，层压板的强度和模量分别提高了 17.4%和 16.35%，比能量吸收提高了 19.48%。