*Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science College of Education, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu.
‡ Department of Mathematical Science, Kennedy College of Sciences, University of Massachusetts.
J Athl Train. 2023 Jul 18;2023(preprint):0. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0018.23.
A mobile application neurocognitive assessment has been used in place of equipment intensive computerized neurocognitive assessment protocol. A previous study reported high to very high test-retest reliability of neurocognitive assessment using the mobile application in healthy adults, but no studies have examined test-retest reliability, reliable change indices (RCIs), and sex effect in middle school and high school populations when conducted 1 year apart.
The purpose of this study was to examine the test-retest reliability and RCIs of baseline data collected at 2-time points approximately 1 year apart using a mobile application neurocognitive rest in middle school and high school athletes. The secondary purpose of the study was to investigate the sex difference in neurocognitive measures.
Cross-sectional study.
Institutional.
172 middle school and high school healthy student-athletes (mean age=13.78±1.59 years old).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Mobile application neurocognitive rest scores (reaction time, impulse control, inspection, and memory).
The result from the study demonstrated that neurocognitive measures had low test-retest reliability across a 1-year time period in middle and high school settings. Upon retesting, reaction time and inspection time improved significantly in both middle and high school athletes, and impulse control showed significant improvement in middle school athletes. More athletes in middle school showed more RCI improvements compared to high school athletes. While both males and females demonstrated improvements in neurocognitive measures throughout adolescence, males outperformed females on reaction time and impulse control.
Findings from the study indicate unacceptably low test-retest reliability of a mobile application neurocognitive test most likely due to cognitive development occurring throughout adolescence. Additionally, significant RCIs were noted. These naturally occurring improvements due to cognitive development could mask the post-concussion deficits. The findings warrant consideration of age and sex on the neurocognitive performance of middle and high school athletes.
一种移动应用程序神经认知评估已被用于替代设备密集型计算机神经认知评估方案。先前的研究报告称，在健康成年人中使用移动应用程序进行神经认知评估具有很高到非常高的测试-重测信度，但尚无研究在相隔 1 年的时间里，在中学和高中人群中检查测试-重测信度、可靠变化指数（RCIs）和性别效应。
本研究的目的是在相隔约 1 年的 2 个时间点检查使用移动应用程序对中学和高中运动员进行神经认知休息的基线数据的测试-重测信度和 RCIs。该研究的次要目的是调查神经认知测量中的性别差异。
横断面研究。
机构。
172 名中学和高中健康运动员（平均年龄=13.78±1.59 岁）。
移动应用神经认知休息评分（反应时间、冲动控制、检查和记忆）。
研究结果表明，在中学和高中环境中，神经认知测量在 1 年的时间内具有较低的测试-重测信度。在重新测试时，反应时间和检查时间在中学和高中运动员中均显著提高，而冲动控制在中学运动员中则显著提高。与高中运动员相比，更多的中学运动员表现出更多的 RCI 改善。尽管男性和女性在整个青春期都表现出神经认知测量的改善，但男性在反应时间和冲动控制方面的表现优于女性。
研究结果表明，由于青春期认知发展，移动应用神经认知测试的测试-重测信度非常低，很可能不可接受。此外，还注意到了显著的 RCIs。由于认知发展而产生的这些自然改善可能会掩盖脑震荡后的缺陷。这些发现值得考虑年龄和性别对中学和高中运动员的神经认知表现的影响。
