Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Design, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2023 Oct;34(10):1015-1024. doi: 10.1111/clr.14130. Epub 2023 Jul 17.
To analyze the influence of 3-mm high abutments with different shapes (cylindrical abutment vs. wide abutment) on marginal bone-level changes (bone loss and bone remodeling). The influence of abutment shape on implant success, probing pocket depth (PPD), and bleeding on probing (BoP) was studied as secondary objectives.
Patients with a partially edentulous area requiring fixed dental prostheses by two implants in the posterior mandible or maxilla were included. The implants were 1 mm subcrestally placed, and osseointegration healing was submerged. Three-mm high abutments with two different shapes were randomly placed in second-stage surgery: cylindrical abutments (cylindrical group) and wide abutments (wide group). Marginal bone-level changes were measured using parallelized periapical radiographs at abutment placement, at definitive prosthesis placement, and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after loading. PPD and BoP were likewise measured at the control visits.
Sixty-four dental implants in 25 patients were included. Statistically significant differences were found in bone-level changes. The cylindrical group exhibited less mean marginal bone remodeling (MBR) and marginal bone loss (MBL) than the wide group (p < .05). Moreover, the cylindrical group showed significantly less BoP (p < .05).
Abutment shape had a significant influence upon marginal bone-level changes during the first 12 months. Cylindrical abutments caused less MBR and MBL than wide abutments. More clinical studies involving longer follow-ups and analyzing other abutment modifications are needed to improve our understanding of how abutments can affect peri-implant tissue stability.
分析不同形状（圆柱形基台与宽基台）的 3mm 高基台对边缘骨水平变化（骨丧失和骨重塑）的影响。研究基台形状对种植体成功率、探诊袋深度（PPD）和探诊出血（BoP）的影响为次要目标。
纳入需要在后牙下颌或上颌通过两个种植体固定修复的部分缺牙患者。将种植体 1mm 颊侧骨下植入，骨整合愈合后行二期手术。在二期手术中随机放置两种不同形状的 3mm 高基台：圆柱形基台（圆柱形组）和宽基台（宽基台组）。在基台放置、最终修复体放置以及加载后 1、3、6 和 12 个月时使用平行根尖射线片测量边缘骨水平变化。同样在对照访视时测量 PPD 和 BoP。
25 例患者的 64 个种植体纳入研究。骨水平变化存在统计学显著差异。与宽基台组相比，圆柱形组的平均边缘骨重塑（MBR）和边缘骨丧失（MBL）较少（p<.05）。此外，圆柱形组的 BoP 明显较少（p<.05）。
在最初的 12 个月内，基台形状对边缘骨水平变化有显著影响。与宽基台相比，圆柱形基台引起的 MBR 和 MBL 较少。需要更多涉及更长随访期和分析其他基台修改的临床研究，以增进我们对基台如何影响种植体周围组织稳定性的理解。
