Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Microbiology and Immunochemistry, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
Microbiol Immunol. 2023 Oct;67(10):429-437. doi: 10.1111/1348-0421.13091. Epub 2023 Jul 18.
The high mortality rate associated with Listeria monocytogenes can be attributed to its ability to invade the body systemically and to activate inflammasomes. Both of these processes are facilitated by expressing a major virulence factor known as listeriolysin O, a 56 kDa pore-forming protein encoded by the hly gene. Listeriolysin O plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the bacterium by facilitating the escape of the pathogen from the phagosome into the cytosol. This process is essential for the successful establishment of infection. In addition, listeriolysin O is known as an immunomodulator that activates host signal transduction. In addition to listeriolysin O, Listeria expresses a variety of bacterial ligands, such as lipoteichoic acid, nucleotide, and flagellin, that are recognized by host intracellular pattern-recognition receptors including Nod-like receptors, AIM2-like receptors, and RIG-I-like receptors. This review introduces intracellular recognition of Listeria monocytogenes since recent studies have revealed that the activation of inflammasome exacerbates Gram-positive bacteria infection.
李斯特菌单核细胞增生李斯特菌的高死亡率与其能够全身侵袭和激活炎症小体的能力有关。这两个过程都得益于表达一种主要的毒力因子，即李斯特菌溶血素 O，这是一种由 hly 基因编码的 56 kDa 孔形成蛋白。李斯特菌溶血素 O 通过促进病原体从吞噬体逃逸到细胞质中，在细菌的发病机制中发挥关键作用。这个过程对于成功建立感染是必不可少的。此外，李斯特菌溶血素 O 还被称为一种免疫调节剂，可激活宿主信号转导。除了李斯特菌溶血素 O，李斯特菌还表达多种细菌配体，如脂磷壁酸、核苷酸和鞭毛蛋白，这些配体被宿主细胞内模式识别受体识别，包括 Nod 样受体、AIM2 样受体和 RIG-I 样受体。这篇综述介绍了李斯特菌单核细胞增生李斯特菌的细胞内识别，因为最近的研究表明，炎症小体的激活会加剧革兰氏阳性菌感染。
