Morandell Karin, Yin Audrey, Del Rio Rodrigo Triana, Schneider David M
Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10012.
bioRxiv. 2023 Jul 3:2023.07.03.547560. doi: 10.1101/2023.07.03.547560.
Neurons in the mouse auditory cortex are strongly influenced by behavior, including both suppression and enhancement of sound-evoked responses during movement. The mouse auditory cortex comprises multiple fields with different roles in sound processing and distinct connectivity to movement-related centers of the brain. Here, we asked whether movement-related modulation might differ across auditory cortical fields, thereby contributing to the heterogeneity of movement-related modulation at the single-cell level. We used wide-field calcium imaging to identify distinct cortical fields followed by cellular-resolution two-photon calcium imaging to visualize the activity of layer 2/3 excitatory neurons within each field. We measured each neuron's responses to three sound categories (pure tones, chirps, and amplitude modulated white noise) as mice rested and ran on a non-motorized treadmill. We found that individual neurons in each cortical field typically respond to just one sound category. Some neurons are only active during rest and others during locomotion, and those that are responsive across conditions retain their sound-category tuning. The effects of locomotion on sound-evoked responses vary at the single-cell level, with both suppression and enhancement of neural responses, and the net modulatory effect of locomotion is largely conserved across cortical fields. Movement-related modulation in auditory cortex also reflects more complex behavioral patterns, including instantaneous running speed and non-locomotor movements such as grooming and postural adjustments, with similar patterns seen across all auditory cortical fields. Our findings underscore the complexity of movement-related modulation throughout the mouse auditory cortex and indicate that movement-related modulation is a widespread phenomenon.
小鼠听觉皮层中的神经元受到行为的强烈影响，包括在运动过程中对声音诱发反应的抑制和增强。小鼠听觉皮层由多个在声音处理中具有不同作用且与大脑运动相关中心具有不同连接性的区域组成。在这里，我们询问与运动相关的调制在不同听觉皮层区域是否存在差异，从而导致单细胞水平上与运动相关调制的异质性。我们使用宽场钙成像来识别不同的皮层区域，随后使用细胞分辨率的双光子钙成像来可视化每个区域内第2/3层兴奋性神经元的活动。我们在小鼠休息和在非电动跑步机上奔跑时，测量了每个神经元对三种声音类别（纯音、啁啾声和调幅白噪声）的反应。我们发现每个皮层区域中的单个神经元通常只对一种声音类别做出反应。一些神经元仅在休息时活跃，另一些在运动时活跃，而那些在不同条件下都有反应的神经元则保持其声音类别调谐。运动对声音诱发反应的影响在单细胞水平上有所不同，既有神经反应的抑制也有增强，并且运动的净调节作用在各个皮层区域中基本保持一致。听觉皮层中与运动相关的调制还反映了更复杂的行为模式，包括瞬时奔跑速度和非运动性运动，如梳理毛发和姿势调整，所有听觉皮层区域都呈现出类似的模式。我们的研究结果强调了整个小鼠听觉皮层中与运动相关调制的复杂性，并表明与运动相关的调制是一种普遍现象。
