Pathogen Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India; GeneStore India Pvt. Ltd, Sector 14, Gurugram, Haryana, 122001, India.
Pathogen Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India; Central Food Laboratory, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar.
Microb Pathog. 2023 Sep;182:106253. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106253. Epub 2023 Jul 16.
Some of the life-threatening, food-borne, and zoonotic infections are transmitted through poultry birds. Inappropriate and irrational use of antimicrobials in the livestock industry has resulted in an increased incidence of multi-drug resistant bacteria of epidemic potentials.
The adhesion and invasion properties of 11 free-range and broiler chicken derived Helicobacterpullorum isolates were evaluated. To examine the biofilm formation of H. pullorum isolates, crystal violet assay was performed. A quantitative assay of invasion-associated genes was carried out after infecting HepG2 cells with two different representative (broiler and free-range chicken) H. pullorum isolates, using RT-PCR assay. Furthermore, we investigated the prevalence of H. pullorum, Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella spp. in chicken caeca and oviducts to determine the possibility of trans-ovarian transmission.
All H. pullorum isolates adhered to HepG2 cells significantly but a notable difference towards their invasion potential was observed between free-range and broiler chicken isolates wherein broiler isolates were found to be more invasive compared to free-range isolates. Furthermore, cdtB, flhA and flaB genes of H. pullorum were upregulated post infection of HepG2 cells, in broiler chicken isolates compared to free-range chicken isolates. Moreover, all isolates of H. pullorum were found to form biofilm on the liquid-air interface of the glass coverslips and sidewalls of the wells with similar propensities. Despite presence of H. pullorum and C. jejuni in high concentrations in the caecum, they were completely absent in oviduct samples, thus ruling out the possibility of vertical transmission of these bacterial species. In contrast, Salmonella spp. was found to be present in a significant proportion in the oviduct samples of egg-laying hens suggesting its vertical transmission.
Our findings suggest that H. pullorum, an emerging multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogen could be transmitted from poultry sources to humans. In addition to this, its strong functional similarity with C. jejuni provides a firm basis for H. pullorum to be an emerging food-associated, MDR pathogenic bacterium that could pose risk to public health.
一些危及生命、食源和人畜共患病的感染是通过家禽鸟类传播的。在畜牧业中不恰当地不合理使用抗生素导致具有流行潜力的多药耐药细菌的发病率增加。
评估了 11 株自由放养和肉鸡衍生的弯曲杆菌的粘附和侵袭特性。为了检查弯曲杆菌分离株的生物膜形成，进行了结晶紫测定。使用 RT-PCR 测定，用两种不同的代表性（肉鸡和自由放养鸡）弯曲杆菌分离株感染 HepG2 细胞，对侵袭相关基因的定量测定。此外，我们调查了鸡盲肠和输卵管中弯曲杆菌、空肠弯曲杆菌和沙门氏菌的流行情况，以确定跨卵巢传播的可能性。
所有弯曲杆菌分离株均显著粘附于 HepG2 细胞，但在自由放养鸡和肉鸡分离株之间观察到其侵袭潜力存在显著差异，其中肉鸡分离株比自由放养分离株更具侵袭性。此外，在感染肉鸡分离株后，H. pullorum 的 cdtB、flhA 和 flaB 基因在 HepG2 细胞中上调，与自由放养鸡分离株相比。此外，所有弯曲杆菌分离株在玻璃盖玻片的气液界面和孔壁上均形成生物膜，其倾向相似。尽管盲肠中弯曲杆菌和空肠弯曲杆菌的浓度很高，但它们在输卵管样本中完全不存在，从而排除了这些细菌垂直传播的可能性。相反，沙门氏菌在产蛋母鸡的输卵管样本中发现有很高的比例，表明其垂直传播。
我们的研究结果表明，弯曲杆菌作为一种新兴的多药耐药（MDR）病原体，可能从家禽来源传播给人类。此外，它与空肠弯曲杆菌具有很强的功能相似性，为弯曲杆菌作为一种新兴的与食物相关的、具有多药耐药性的致病细菌提供了坚实的基础，可能对公共健康构成威胁。
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