Department for Immunochemistry and Glycobiology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2024 Nov;168(4):319-325. doi: 10.5507/bp.2023.031. Epub 2023 Jul 17.
Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a well-known laboratory biomarker. In spite of high concentration and the possible biomedical importance of estimating GGT in human seminal plasma (hSP), it has not been widely explored in reproductive physiology. This study aimed to complement existing data on its diversity, previously obtained on seminal extracellular vesicles, by analyzing matched soluble fraction of hSP. The GGT-associated patterns of selected glycoproteins were analyzed in order to establish an adjunct referent parameter for differentiation between known high molecular mass forms of GGT. Getting insight into distinct GGT-associated glycoprotein patterns should contribute to define them together as possible multimarkers.
GGT forms in soluble, membrane-free-fraction isolated form hSP of normozoospermic men were analyzed using gel filtration and lectin blotting using WGA (wheat germ agglutinin) and Con A (concanavalin A).
Widely distributed GGT (with two to three partially resolved peaks), which may correspond to high molecular mass aggregates, were detected. GGT-associated patterns of selected glycoproteins (at position of big, medium, and small-GGT) all comprised high molecular mass WGA-reactive smears, but differed in the presence of Con A-reactive glycans, as well as mucin-associated antigens CA19-9 and CA125.
GGT contributes to several molecular patterns that differ between the soluble and extracellular vesicle fractions of hSP. Their glycobiochemical heterogeneity is due to difference in the presence of distinct sialylated and mannosylated glycans. Moreover, GGT-associated glycoprotein patterns differentiate between high molecular mass forms of GGT in the soluble fraction of hSP. They hold promise as possible targets for increasing biomarker potential of GGT.
γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）是一种众所周知的实验室生物标志物。尽管人精液（hSP）中 GGT 的浓度很高，且其估计值可能具有重要的生物医学意义，但在生殖生理学领域尚未得到广泛研究。本研究旨在通过分析 hSP 的可溶性部分来补充先前在精液细胞外囊泡上获得的关于其多样性的现有数据。分析选定糖蛋白的 GGT 相关模式，以建立区分已知高相对分子质量 GGT 形式的辅助参考参数。深入了解不同的 GGT 相关糖蛋白模式有助于将它们共同定义为可能的多标志物。
使用凝胶过滤和凝集素印迹法（使用 WGA（麦胚凝集素）和 ConA（伴刀豆球蛋白 A））分析来自正常精子症男性 hSP 的可溶性、无膜游离部分中 GGT 形式。
检测到广泛分布的 GGT（具有两个到三个部分解析峰），其可能对应于高分子质量聚集体。选定糖蛋白的 GGT 相关模式（在大、中、小 GGT 位置）均包含高分子质量 WGA 反应性涂片，但在 ConA 反应性聚糖的存在以及粘蛋白相关抗原 CA19-9 和 CA125 方面存在差异。
GGT 参与了 hSP 的可溶性和细胞外囊泡部分之间存在差异的几种分子模式。它们的糖生化异质性是由于存在不同的唾液酸化和甘露糖化聚糖所致。此外，GGT 相关糖蛋白模式可区分 hSP 可溶性部分中的高分子质量 GGT 形式。它们有望成为增加 GGT 生物标志物潜力的可能靶标。
