Laboratorio de Fisio-patología ovárica, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Laboratorio de Hormonas y Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2023;1428:31-70. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-32554-0_2.
Accumulating evidence suggests that an altered maternal milieu and environmental insults during the intrauterine and perinatal periods of life affect the developing organism, leading to detrimental long-term outcomes and often to adult pathologies through programming effects. Hormones, together with growth factors, play critical roles in the regulation of maternal-fetal and maternal-neonate interfaces, and alterations in any of them may lead to programming effects on the developing organism. In this chapter, we will review the role of sex steroids, thyroid hormones, and insulin-like growth factors, as crucial factors involved in physiological processes during pregnancy and lactation, and their role in developmental programming effects during fetal and early neonatal life. Also, we will consider epidemiological evidence and data from animal models of altered maternal hormonal environments and focus on the role of different tissues in the establishment of maternal and fetus/infant interaction. Finally, we will identify unresolved questions and discuss potential future research directions.
越来越多的证据表明，子宫内和围产期的母体环境改变和环境损伤会影响发育中的生物体，通过编程效应导致有害的长期后果，并且常常导致成年后的病理状态。激素与生长因子共同在母体-胎儿和母体-新生儿界面的调节中发挥关键作用，其中任何一种的改变都可能导致对发育中的生物体产生编程效应。在本章中，我们将回顾性激素、甲状腺激素和胰岛素样生长因子的作用，它们是妊娠和哺乳期生理过程中涉及的关键因素，以及它们在胎儿和新生儿早期生命发育编程效应中的作用。此外，我们还将考虑来自改变的母体激素环境的动物模型的流行病学证据和数据，并关注不同组织在建立母体和胎儿/婴儿相互作用中的作用。最后，我们将确定未解决的问题并讨论潜在的未来研究方向。
