Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Schizophr Bull. 2023 Sep 7;49(5):1150-1160. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbad096.
Poor social functioning is common among individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis and is associated with greater likelihood of conversion. Unfortunately, processes contributing to social impairment are unclear, making social functioning difficult to improve via treatment. The current study examined whether abnormalities in social functioning result from aberrant temporal interactions between social motivation and behavior.
Participants included 105 individuals at CHR and 62 healthy controls (CN) who completed 6 days of ecological momentary assessment. Multilevel models examined time-lagged interactions between social behavior and motivation.
CHR and CN did not differ in social motivation; however, CHR were less likely to interact with family and coworkers and more likely to engage in interactions via phone and text/social media. Autocorrelations indicated that social behavior and motivation were generally consistent across time in CHR and CN groups. Time-lagged analyses indicated that both groups had an increase in social motivation across time when they were alone and a decrease in social motivation across time when they were with others. However, the relative decrease when with others and increase when alone were less robust in CHR than CN, particularly for in-person interactions. Social motivation at time t did not differentially impact social partner or modality at time t+1 in the groups.
Findings suggest that social behavior and motivation have different temporal interactions in CHR and CN. Psychosocial interventions may benefit from targeting the frequency of social behavior with specific partners and modalities to change social motivation.
在精神病临床高风险（CHR）个体中，社交功能障碍很常见，且与更高的转化率相关。不幸的是，导致社交受损的过程尚不清楚，使得通过治疗改善社交功能变得困难。本研究旨在探究社交功能障碍是否是由于社交动机和行为之间异常的时间相互作用所致。
参与者包括 105 名 CHR 个体和 62 名健康对照者（CN），他们完成了 6 天的生态瞬时评估。多层次模型检验了社会行为和动机之间的时间滞后相互作用。
CHR 和 CN 之间的社交动机没有差异；然而，CHR 与家人和同事互动的可能性较小，而通过电话、短信/社交媒体进行互动的可能性较大。自相关分析表明，CHR 和 CN 组的社交行为和动机在时间上通常是一致的。时间滞后分析表明，当 CHR 和 CN 个体独处时，他们的社交动机随时间增加，而当他们与他人在一起时，他们的社交动机随时间减少。然而，与 CN 相比，CHR 个体的相对减少和增加幅度较小，尤其是对于面对面的互动。在时间 t 时的社交动机不会对时间 t+1 时的社交伙伴或模式产生不同的影响。
研究结果表明，CHR 和 CN 中的社交行为和动机具有不同的时间相互作用。心理社会干预可能受益于针对特定伙伴和模式的社交行为频率，以改变社交动机。
