Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Institute of Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.
Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Minas Gerais 37130-001, Brazil.
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2023 Sep;44(9):622-634. doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.06.007. Epub 2023 Jul 17.
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are complex structures released by activated neutrophils during inflammatory responses. Due to their unique potential for causing tissue damage and modulating immune responses, there is increasing interest in studying these structures as potential targets for the treatment of infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. However, therapeutic targeting of NETs might trigger deleterious effects that may limit treatment efficacy. NET disruption may increase the microbial load in infection; in autoimmunity, NET targeting might impair peripheral tolerance, but it might reduce adaptive immune responses in cancer. In this review, we explore the therapeutic and deleterious effects of NET-targeted therapy while shedding light on novel strategies to overcome treatment-related limitations and enhance treatment efficacy.
中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网（NETs）是活化的中性粒细胞在炎症反应中释放的复杂结构。由于其在引起组织损伤和调节免疫反应方面具有独特的潜力，因此越来越有兴趣研究这些结构作为治疗感染性疾病、自身免疫性疾病和癌症的潜在靶点。然而，NET 的治疗靶向可能会引发有害作用，从而限制治疗效果。NET 的破坏可能会增加感染中的微生物负荷；在自身免疫中，NET 的靶向可能会损害外周耐受，但可能会降低癌症中的适应性免疫反应。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了 NET 靶向治疗的治疗和有害作用，同时阐明了克服治疗相关限制和提高治疗效果的新策略。
