Ghaderi Sadegh, Fatehi Farzad, Kalra Sanjay, Batouli Seyed Amir Hossein
Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Neurology Department, Neuromuscular Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener. 2023 Jul 19:1-17. doi: 10.1080/21678421.2023.2236651.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with cognitive and behavioral impairments and motor symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers have been investigated as potential tools for detecting and monitoring memory-related impairment in ALS. Our objective was to examine the importance of identifying MRI biomarkers for memory-related impairment in ALS, motor neuron disease (MND), and ALS frontotemporal dementia (FTD) (ALS-FTD) patients. PubMed and Scopus databases were searched. Keywords covering magnetic resonance imaging, ALS, MND, and memory impairments were searched. There were a total of 25 studies included in our work here. The structural MRI (sMRI) studies reported gray matter (GM) atrophy in the regions associated with memory processing, such as the hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus (PhG), in ALS patients. The diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies showed white matter (WM) alterations in the corticospinal tract (CST) and other tracts that are related to motor and extra-motor functions, and these alterations were associated with memory and executive function impairments in ALS. The functional MRI (fMRI) studies also demonstrated an altered activation in the prefrontal cortex, limbic system, and other brain regions involved in memory and emotional processing in ALS patients. MRI biomarkers show promise in uncovering the neural mechanisms of memory-related impairment in ALS. Nonetheless, addressing challenges such as sample sizes, imaging protocols, and longitudinal studies is crucial for future research. Ultimately, MRI biomarkers have the potential to be a tool for detecting and monitoring memory-related impairments in ALS.
肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）是一种与认知和行为障碍以及运动症状相关的神经退行性疾病。磁共振成像（MRI）生物标志物已被作为检测和监测ALS中与记忆相关损伤的潜在工具进行研究。我们的目的是研究识别MRI生物标志物对ALS、运动神经元病（MND）和ALS额颞叶痴呆（FTD）（ALS-FTD）患者与记忆相关损伤的重要性。检索了PubMed和Scopus数据库。检索了涵盖磁共振成像、ALS、MND和记忆障碍的关键词。我们的这项工作总共纳入了25项研究。结构MRI（sMRI）研究报告称，ALS患者与记忆处理相关的区域，如海马体和海马旁回（PhG），存在灰质（GM）萎缩。扩散张量成像（DTI）研究显示，皮质脊髓束（CST）和其他与运动及运动外功能相关的束中存在白质（WM）改变，这些改变与ALS患者的记忆和执行功能障碍有关。功能MRI（fMRI）研究还表明，ALS患者前额叶皮质、边缘系统和其他参与记忆和情感处理的脑区激活发生了改变。MRI生物标志物在揭示ALS中与记忆相关损伤的神经机制方面显示出前景。尽管如此，应对样本量、成像方案和纵向研究等挑战对未来研究至关重要。最终，MRI生物标志物有可能成为检测和监测ALS中与记忆相关损伤的工具。
