Lai Wei-Ting, Hsu Min-Tao, Hsu Chun-Hua, Chen Po-Yi, Hsiao Li-Ping, Ko Hsun-Kuei
MSN, RN, Head Nurse, Department of Nursing, Pingtung Christian Hospital, and Doctoral Student, College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan, ROC.
PhD, RN, Professor, College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan, ROC.
Hu Li Za Zhi. 2023 Aug;70(4):95-102. doi: 10.6224/JN.202308_70(4).12.
Taiwan has been an aging society since 2018. As a result, long-term care, end-of-life autonomy, and hospice care have received increasing attention. The government of Taiwan promotes home-based healthcare through the National Health Insurance System to enable the efficient utilization of medical resources and reduce overall medical costs. Taiwan's community hospice and palliative care network is expected to serve as the main care model supplementing partial hospitalization and institutional care. In this article, we review the history of and policies related to hospice and palliative care in Taiwan using a literature review and examining Pingtung County as a case study. The implementation of home-based palliative care is also outlined and policy revisions are proposed. The results are intended to provide a reference for healthcare authorities and medical institutions to promote community hospice and palliative care policies. The integrated care model can enhance the capacity of community-based palliative care, support patients receiving palliative care and their family members and caregivers, and ensure physical and psychological comfort for patients. This model contributes to the realization of older adults' preference for dying at home, which is especially pronounced in cultures where traditional Chinese ideas are deeply rooted.
自2018年以来，台湾已步入老龄化社会。因此，长期照护、临终自主权及临终关怀受到了越来越多的关注。台湾地区政府通过全民健康保险制度推动居家医疗保健，以实现医疗资源的高效利用并降低总体医疗成本。台湾的社区临终关怀与缓和医疗网络有望成为补充部分住院治疗和机构照护的主要照护模式。在本文中，我们通过文献综述并以屏东县为例进行研究，回顾了台湾临终关怀与缓和医疗的历史及相关政策。同时概述了居家缓和医疗的实施情况并提出政策修订建议。研究结果旨在为卫生当局和医疗机构推广社区临终关怀与缓和医疗政策提供参考。整合照护模式可以增强社区缓和医疗的能力，支持接受缓和医疗的患者及其家属和照护者，并确保患者的身心舒适。这种模式有助于实现老年人在家中离世的意愿，这在深受中国传统观念影响的文化中尤为明显。
