泰国中风高危人群的疾病认知、功能状态、社会支持与自我护理行为之间的关系：一项横断面研究。
Relationships between illness perception, functional status, social support, and self-care behavior among Thai people at high risk of stroke: A cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Maninet Surachai, Desaravinid Chalermchai
机构信息
Faculty of Nursing Ubon Ratchathani University, Thailand.
Medical Service Department, Bua Yai Hospital, Nakhonratchasima Health Provincial Office, Thailand.
出版信息
Belitung Nurs J. 2023 Feb 12;9(1):62-68. doi: 10.33546/bnj.2434. eCollection 2023.
BACKGROUND
People at high risk of stroke reported having difficulty performing self-care behavior. Although the literature has identified various factors related to self-care behavior in this population; however, there is a lack of studies to conclude the associated antecedents of self-care behavior, particularly in Thailand.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to examine the relationships between illness perception, functional status, social support, and self-care behavior among people at high risk of stroke.
METHODS
A correlational cross-sectional study design was used. One hundred and seventy people at high risk of stroke were selected from ten health-promoting hospitals in the Northeast region of Thailand using multi-stage sampling. Data were gathered using self-report questionnaires, including the brief illness perception questionnaire, functional status scale, multidimensional scale of perceived social support, and self-care behavior questionnaire, from November 2021 to February 2022. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and Pearson's product-moment correlation.
RESULTS
One hundred percent of the participants completed the questionnaires. The participants had a moderate level of self-care behavior (M = 64.54, SD = 7.46). Social support and functional status had medium positive significant correlations with self-care behavior among people at high risk of stroke ( = 0.460 and = 0.304, <0.01), respectively. In contrast, illness perception had a small negative significant correlation with self-care behavior among people at high risk of stroke ( = -0.179, <0.05).
CONCLUSION
Social support, functional status, and illness perception are essential factors of self-care behavior among people at high risk of stroke. The findings shed light that nurses and other healthcare professionals should promote self-care behavior in these people by enhancing them to maintain proper functioning, positive illness-related perception, and family members' involvement. However, further study is needed to determine a causal relationship between these factors with self-care behavior.
背景
中风高危人群报告称在进行自我护理行为时存在困难。尽管文献已确定了该人群中与自我护理行为相关的各种因素；然而，缺乏研究来总结自我护理行为的相关前因，尤其是在泰国。
目的
本研究旨在探讨中风高危人群的疾病认知、功能状态、社会支持与自我护理行为之间的关系。
方法
采用相关性横断面研究设计。通过多阶段抽样，从泰国东北部地区的10家促进健康医院中选取了170名中风高危人群。2021年11月至2022年2月期间，使用自我报告问卷收集数据，包括简短疾病认知问卷、功能状态量表、感知社会支持多维量表和自我护理行为问卷。使用均值、标准差和皮尔逊积差相关分析数据。
结果
100%的参与者完成了问卷。参与者的自我护理行为水平中等（M = 64.54，SD = 7.46）。社会支持和功能状态与中风高危人群的自我护理行为呈中度正相关（分别为 = 0.460和 = 0.304，<0.01）。相比之下，疾病认知与中风高危人群的自我护理行为呈低度负相关（ = -0.179，<0.05）。
结论
社会支持、功能状态和疾病认知是中风高危人群自我护理行为的重要因素。研究结果表明，护士和其他医护人员应通过增强这些人维持正常功能、积极的疾病相关认知以及家庭成员的参与来促进他们的自我护理行为。然而，需要进一步研究来确定这些因素与自我护理行为之间的因果关系。
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