[A surgical case of submucosal esophageal carcinoma with esophageal leiomyoma misdiagnosed as esophageal].

A 56-year-old man with submucosal esophageal carcinoma combined with esophageal leiomyoma is presented. He had suffered from progressive dysphagia and vomiting. X-ray and endoscopic examination revealed severe stenosis of the lower esophagus with smooth mucosa, and CT scan demonstrated a circular and localized tumor. The histological diagnosis of esophageal leiomyoma was made by means of surgical biopsy. Resection of the lower esophagus and upper stomach was performed. But the postoperative pathological examination revealed submucosal esophageal squamous cell carcinoma combined with esophageal leiomyoma. The etiology and diagnosis in this case were discussed.