一种编码变异白细胞介素 2 细胞因子的溶瘤腺病毒通过增强效应淋巴细胞的细胞毒性、成纤维细胞区室调节和有丝分裂滑动,改善了对化疗的反应。
An oncolytic adenovirus coding for a variant interleukin 2 cytokine improves response to chemotherapy through enhancement of effector lymphocyte cytotoxicity, fibroblast compartment modulation and mitotic slippage.
机构信息
Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd., Helsinki, Finland.
出版信息
Front Immunol. 2023 Jul 5;14:1171083. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1171083. eCollection 2023.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly treatment-resistant cancer. Currently, the only curative treatment for PDAC is surgery, but most patients are diagnosed with metastatic disease and thus outside the scope of surgery. The majority of metastatic patients receive chemotherapy, but responses are limited. New therapeutics are thus urgently needed for PDAC. One major limitation in treating PDAC has been the highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) which inhibits anti-cancer immune responses. We have constructed an oncolytic adenovirus coding for a variant the interleukin 2 molecule, Ad5/3-E2F-d24-vIL2 (also known as TILT-452, and "vIL-2 virus"), with preferential binding to IL-2 receptors on the surface of effector lymphocytes over T regulatory cells (T regs). In the present study this virus was evaluated in combination with nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine chemotherapy in Panc02 mouse model. Ad5/3-E2F-d24-vIL2 showed marked PDAC cell killing , alongside induction of mitotic slippage and immunogenic cell death in PDAC cell lines, when combined with chemotherapy. Increased survival was seen with 80% of animals surviving long term, when compared to chemotherapy alone. Moreover, combination therapy mediated enhanced tumor growth control, without observable toxicities in internal organs or external features. Survival and tumor control benefits were associated with activation of tumor infiltrating immune cells, downregulation of inhibitory signals, change in fibroblast populations in the tumors and changes in intratumoral cytokines, with increased chemokine amounts (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4) and anti-tumor cytokines (IFN-γ and TNFα). Furthermore, vIL-2 virus in combination with chemotherapy efficiently induced tumor protection upon rechallenge, that was extended to a previously non-encountered cancer cell line. In conclusion, Ad5/3-E2F-d24-vIL2 is a promising immunotherapy candidate when combined with nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine.
胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)是一种高度难治的癌症。目前,PDAC 唯一的根治性治疗方法是手术,但大多数患者被诊断为转移性疾病,因此不在手术范围内。大多数转移性患者接受化疗,但反应有限。因此,PDAC 迫切需要新的治疗方法。治疗 PDAC 的一个主要限制是高度免疫抑制的肿瘤微环境(TME),它抑制了抗癌免疫反应。我们构建了一种编码白细胞介素 2 变体的溶瘤腺病毒,Ad5/3-E2F-d24-vIL2(也称为 TILT-452 和“vIL-2 病毒”),它对效应淋巴细胞表面的白细胞介素 2 受体具有优先结合性,而对 T 调节细胞(Tregs)的结合性较弱。在本研究中,该病毒在 Panc02 小鼠模型中与 nab-紫杉醇和吉西他滨化疗联合进行了评估。当与化疗联合使用时,Ad5/3-E2F-d24-vIL2 对 PDAC 细胞表现出明显的杀伤作用,同时诱导 PDAC 细胞系发生有丝分裂滑移和免疫原性细胞死亡。与单独化疗相比,80%的动物长期存活,生存率提高。此外,联合治疗介导了增强的肿瘤生长控制,而内部器官或外部特征没有观察到毒性。生存和肿瘤控制获益与肿瘤浸润免疫细胞的激活、抑制信号的下调、肿瘤内成纤维细胞群体的变化以及肿瘤内细胞因子的变化有关,其中趋化因子(CCL2、CCL3、CCL4)和抗肿瘤细胞因子(IFN-γ 和 TNFα)的含量增加。此外,vIL-2 病毒与化疗联合使用,在重新挑战时有效地诱导了肿瘤保护,这种保护作用扩展到以前未遇到的癌细胞系。总之,Ad5/3-E2F-d24-vIL2 是一种很有前途的免疫治疗候选药物,与 nab-紫杉醇和吉西他滨联合使用。